IGNOU EPS 08 Important Questions With Answers English Medium
EPS 08 Government and Politics in Australia is a course offered by Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) that delves into the political system, structure, and processes of Australia.
Course Structure:
- Block-1 Introducing Australia
- Block-2 Society And Culture
- Block-3 Political Structure
- Block-4 Political Processes
- Block-5 Australian Economy
- Block-6 Australia In World Affairs-I
- Block-7 Australia In World Affairs-II
- Block-8 Issues and Trends in Contemporary Australia
Q.1
How does climate condition the soil patterns of Australia?
IGNOU EPS 08 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-Australia's soil patterns are intricately shaped by the
continent's diverse climate, which encompasses a wide array of environmental
conditions ranging from arid deserts to temperate forests. Across Australia,
climatic factors such as rainfall variability, temperature fluctuations,
evaporation rates, and wind patterns exert significant influences on soil
formation processes and distribution.
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Rainfall variability stands out as a critical determinant of
soil patterns. The interior regions of Australia experience sparse and
irregular rainfall, resulting in slow soil formation processes characterized by
the accumulation of weathered materials. Consequently, shallow and
underdeveloped soils, such as desert soils and red earths, prevail in these
arid and semi-arid areas. Conversely, coastal regions and the tropical north
benefit from more consistent and substantial rainfall, fostering intense
weathering, leaching, and erosion processes. These conditions give rise to
deeper and more fertile soils, including red-brown earths and black soils.
Temperature gradients across Australia also play a pivotal
role in shaping soil characteristics. The warmer climates prevalent in the
tropical north and parts of the interior accelerate chemical reactions, organic
matter decomposition, and biological activity. Consequently, soils in these
regions tend to be relatively young, less weathered, and susceptible to
erosion. Conversely, cooler temperatures in the temperate south and highlands
slow down weathering processes, resulting in older, more weathered soils with
deeper profiles and higher organic matter content.
IGNOU EPS 08 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-Evaporation rates and wind patterns further contribute to
soil variability, particularly in arid regions. High rates of evaporation in
conjunction with low rainfall lead to the accumulation of salts and minerals on
the soil surface, resulting in the formation of saline and sodic soils. Wind
erosion exacerbates soil degradation in these areas by removing surface
materials and exposing underlying substrates, yielding sandy and skeletal soils
with diminished fertility and water retention capacity.
Moreover, anthropogenic activities such as agriculture,
urbanization, and land clearing have profoundly impacted soil patterns across
Australia. Deforestation and land clearing have accelerated soil erosion rates
and compromised soil quality in many regions. Agricultural practices, such as
intensive grazing and monoculture farming, have further exacerbated soil
degradation through compaction, nutrient depletion, and erosion. Urban expansion
and industrial activities have also contributed to soil contamination and
pollution, posing additional challenges to soil conservation and management
efforts.
Q.2 Describe in brief the topography of Western
Australia.
Q.3
How many persons entered Australia between 1852 and 1861 and what attracted
them to this country?
Q.4
How was the ideology of multiculturalisln expressed in Australia during the I970s?
Q.5
Trace the historical background of the founding of the Australian Federation.
Q.6
Discuss the factors hampering the formation of the Australian Federation.
Q.7
What are the powers and functions of the Australian Governor-General?
Q.8
Examine the ideology, policy and practice of the Australian Liberal Party.
Q.9
Examine the issue of a national vote in Australia.
Q.10
What do you mean by globalisation of the economy?
Q.11
Discuss some elements of new teclinology being applied to Australian
agriculture
Q.12 Examine the importance ofthe mining industry in the Australian economy
Q.13 Illustrate the nature of reforms in Australian manufacturing
sector.
Q.
What measures did the Labour Party take to estnblish Australia's identity as a
regional power?
Q.15
Discuss Australia's interests in forlning the IOR-ARC.
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