IGNOU BPSC 105 Important Questions With Answers English Medium
BPSC 105 Introduction to Comparative Government and Politics,
a course offered by Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) for its
Bachelor of Arts (Honours) Political Science (BAPSH) program. This course
introduces you to the diverse range of government and political systems across
the globe, equipping you with tools to analyze and compare them effectively.
Course Structure:
- Block-1 Understanding Comparative Politics
- Block-2 Context of Modern Government
- Block-3 Themes for Comparative Analysis
Q.1
Explain the concept of socialism and different
variants
of socialism.
Socialism, a socio-economic and political ideology, champions
collective ownership and democratic management of resources, aiming to
alleviate disparities and prioritize communal welfare over individual profit.
Rooted in critiques of capitalism's inequities and exploitation, socialism has
evolved into various interpretations and implementations, leading to diverse
schools of thought.
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IGNOU BPSC 105 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-Central to socialism is the concept of collective ownership,
advocating that crucial industries, resources, and infrastructure should be
managed collectively by the populace, rather than controlled by private
entities. This collective ownership can manifest as state ownership, where the
government oversees resources on behalf of the people, or worker ownership,
empowering employees to control the enterprises they operate within.
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Democratic control is another core principle, emphasizing
participatory decision-making and accountability in economic and political
affairs. In socialist societies, key decisions about production, investment,
and resource allocation are made democratically, incorporating input from
workers, consumers, and affected communities. This democratic approach seeks to
distribute economic power more equitably and consider the diverse needs of
society.
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Moreover, socialism prioritizes social welfare, advocating
for universal access to essential goods and services such as healthcare,
education, and housing, irrespective of financial status. Socialists argue that
guaranteeing these basic necessities fosters equality, cohesion, and individual
well-being.
IGNOU BPSC 105 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-Various variants of socialism have emerged, each offering
distinct paths towards achieving socialist objectives and addressing capitalist
shortcomings. Marxist socialism, rooted in the ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich
Engels, seeks the abolition of private property and class distinctions,
envisioning a classless society where workers control the means of production.
Democratic socialism blends socialist ideals with democratic governance,
pursuing reforms within existing systems to enhance social welfare and worker
rights. Social democracy, another variant, advocates for a mixed economy with
regulated markets and welfare programs, without entirely dismantling
capitalism.
IGNOU BPSC 105 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-Libertarian socialism, or anarchism, promotes individual
liberty and voluntary cooperation, advocating for decentralized, self-managed
communities organized around principles of mutual aid. Utopian socialism
imagines idealized communities based on socialist principles, while market
socialism integrates socialist principles with market mechanisms to distribute
resources. Eco-socialism emphasizes environmental sustainability, merging
socialist ideals with ecological preservation.
In essence, socialism presents a vision of a more equitable
and democratic society, challenging the inequalities inherent in capitalism.
Through collective ownership, democratic control, and a focus on social
welfare, socialism offers an alternative to the current economic order,
striving for a world where wealth and power are shared equitably, and the needs
of all members of society are met. The diverse array of socialist variants
reflects the complexity and richness of socialist thought, providing different
strategies and approaches to realizing these shared goals.
Q.2
Analyse the contemporary challenges to parliamentary sovereignty and discuss
its limitations.
Q.3
Explain the purpose and significances of the comparative study of Politics.
Q.4
Explain the characteristics of institutional approach to the study of
Comparative politics.
Q.5
Define a system and explain the characteristics of the system approach.
Q.6
Explain the idea and interrelationship between liberal democracy and
capitalism.
Q.7
Elaborate upon the structure and guiding ideology of the Communist Party of
China.
Q.8
Explain how Federalism acts as a significant theme for comparative analysis.
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Q.9
Describe the various attributes of political economy approach to the study of
comparative politics
Q.10
Explain the functions and role of the Communist Party in China’s political
system
Q.11
Give a brief account of dependency and underdevelopment in Latin America.
Q.12
Explain the significance of comparative method.
Q.13
Critically evaluate the systems theory.
Q.14
Analyse the nature of the relationship between the Executive and the
Legislature in the U. K. Parliamentary System.
Q.15
Describe the structure of Nigerian Federalism and its functioning.
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