IGNOU BPAC 101 Important Questions With Answers English Medium
IGNOU BPAC 101 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-BPAC 101 Perspectives on Public Administration is a
foundation course for students pursuing a Bachelor of Arts (Honours) in Public
Administration (BAPAH) degree.
Course Structure:
- Block-1 Conceptual and Classical Perspectives
- Block-2 Behavioural, Systems and Socio-Psychological Perspectives
- Block-3 Public Policy Perspective
- Block-4 Political and Social Perspectives
- Block-5 Contemporary Perspectives
Q.1
Discuss the nature and scope of Public Administration
Public administration serves as the bedrock of contemporary governance structures, orchestrating governmental functions to fulfill societal needs and aspirations efficiently. Its essence and breadth are intricate, evolving in tandem with societal, political, and economic dynamics.
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IGNOU BPAC 101 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-The Nature of Public Administration: Public administration
epitomizes the orchestration and execution of governmental policies and
programs to achieve public objectives methodically. Its nature is multifaceted,
marked by several defining characteristics:
Political Embodiment: Public administration operates within a
political milieu, where decisions are shaped by elected officials, public
sentiments, and democratic norms. Administrators must navigate these political
waters while upholding principles of transparency and accountability.
Service-Centricity: Fundamentally, public administration is
service-oriented, striving to address societal needs and provide essential
services to citizens. It spans a multitude of sectors—from healthcare to
education to transportation—aiming to ameliorate the quality of life for all
members of society.
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IGNOU BPAC 101 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-Bureaucratic Framework: Often situated within bureaucratic
structures, public administration is characterized by hierarchical
organization, division of labor, and adherence to procedural norms. While
bureaucracy can enhance efficiency and consistency, it may also engender
rigidity and red tape.
Legal Anchoring: Public administrators operate within a legal
scaffold, bound by statutes, regulations, and laws that govern their actions.
Adherence to legal imperatives is crucial to ensure the legitimacy and legality
of governmental actions.
Public Answerability: Accountability forms the bedrock of
public administration, ensuring that administrators are answerable for their
decisions and actions. Administrators are beholden to elected representatives,
the public, and other stakeholders, fostering openness and trust in governance.
The Scope of Public Administration: The purview of public
administration is expansive, encompassing diverse functions, operations, and
areas of responsibility. It spans various tiers of government—local, regional,
national, and international. Key constituents of the public administration's
scope comprise:
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Policy Conception and Execution: Public administrators play a
pivotal role in devising and implementing governmental policies and programs.
This entails conducting research, analyzing data, engaging stakeholders, and
devising strategies to tackle public issues effectively.
Financial Oversight: Prudent management of public finances
constitutes a cornerstone of public administration, involving budgeting,
revenue generation, expenditure management, and financial reporting.
Administrators must allocate resources judiciously to meet public imperatives
while ensuring fiscal prudence.
Human Capital Management: Public administration entails the stewardship of human resources within governmental entities, encompassing recruitment, training, performance assessment, and labor relations.
IGNOU BPAC 101 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-Effective
human resource management is imperative for nurturing a skilled and motivated
workforce.
Service Provision: Public administrators are tasked with
delivering essential services to citizens, ranging from healthcare and
education to infrastructure and public safety. They must ensure that services
are accessible, affordable, and of high quality, catering to the diverse needs
of the populace.
Regulatory Vigilance: Public administration encompasses
regulatory oversight aimed at safeguarding public interests and ensuring
compliance with laws and regulations. This may entail licensing, inspections,
enforcement actions, and regulatory reforms to bolster public welfare and
safety.
Interjurisdictional Collaboration: Public administrators
often engage in intergovernmental collaboration, liaising with other
governmental levels, non-governmental organizations, and international bodies
to address complex policy issues. This necessitates coordination, negotiation,
and diplomacy to achieve shared objectives.
Challenges and Dynamics in Contemporary Public
Administration: Contemporary public administration grapples with myriad
challenges and dynamics precipitated by globalization, technological
advancements, demographic shifts, and evolving societal expectations. Principal
challenges encompass:
Technological Integration: Rapid technological progress has
revolutionized public administration, offering avenues for innovation and
efficiency. However, integrating new technologies mandates substantial
investment, capacity enhancement, and addressing concerns regarding data
privacy and cybersecurity.
Governance Complexity: The governance landscape has grown
increasingly intricate with globalization, as governments contend with
interconnected challenges like climate change, migration, and global health
crises. Addressing these multifaceted issues necessitates collaborative approaches,
multilateral cooperation, and adaptive governance frameworks.
Citizen Engagement: There is a burgeoning call for heightened
citizen engagement and participation in governance processes, propelled by
advances in communication technologies and a quest for transparent and
accountable governance. Public administrators must embrace participatory
mechanisms, such as citizen consultations, open data initiatives, and
e-governance platforms, to fortify democratic legitimacy and responsiveness.
Fiscal Sustainability: Many governments confront fiscal
constraints, including mounting debt, budget deficits, and competing
expenditure demands. Public administrators must espouse prudent fiscal
management practices, prioritize essential services, explore innovative financing
mechanisms, and foster economic growth to ensure fiscal viability.
Diversity and Inclusion: Fostering a diverse and inclusive workforce is imperative for driving innovation, creativity, and organizational efficacy in public administration.
IGNOU BPAC 101 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-Administrators must champion diversity and
equity initiatives, promote inclusive hiring practices, and cultivate a culture
of respect and inclusivity within governmental entities.
Ethical Leadership and Integrity: Upholding ethical standards
and integrity is indispensable for preserving public trust and confidence in
governmental institutions. Public administrators must exemplify ethical
leadership, abide by codes of conduct, and espouse principles of transparency,
accountability, and integrity in decision-making processes.
Q.2
Critically examine the nature and scope of Scientific Management
Q.3
Explain M.P. Follet’s contribution to Administrative Management.
Q.4
‘‘Marx questioned the status of bureaucracy as being receptive to the problems
of the masses.’’ Discuss in the light of the nature of bureaucracy.
Q.5
Write a note on Post-Weberian bureaucratic narratives.
Q.6
Define Ecology and discuss the features of Agrarian and Industrial models.
Q.7
‘‘The discipline of Public Administration gained impetus gradually.’’ Elucidate
Q.8
Examine Public Choice Approach and discuss its methodological base.
Q.9
Examine the concept, significance and scope of public administration
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Q.10
The Administrative Management School has become a subject of appraisal by
modern management thinkers.’ Comment.
Q.11
Discuss the views of Hegel and Marx on Bureaucracy.
Q.12
Define Public administration and discuss its relationship with Private
administration.
Q.13
Explain Henri Fayol’s contribution to the Classical theory.
Q.14
Describe the features of prismatic societies as in the Riggsian Model.
Q.15
Discuss the features of New Public Administration
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