Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution, The term
"Revolution" usually involves an inconsequential upheaval. But we do
not get the same thing with Industrial Revolution. Generally, radical changes
in the manner of production of iron, bronze and other things are called
"industrial revolution".
As a result of
scientific research, factories were born in place of handcrafted, production
increased. In essence, the Industrial Revolution is meant to be those changes
that made it possible that humans could produce large quantities in large
factories, except for the ancient methods of production. Historian Raikar has
define industrial revolution saying that "Industrial Revolution was the
only change in the production and transport of transport driven by transporting
transport in place of handcrafted."
From
1760 AD to 1840 AD, there was a new phenomenon in the industrial process in
Europe, which was eventually named after the Industrial Revolution. Actually this process is going on till today,
but the changes in the process of industrial production in the period of that
time were very casual and unprecedented. In this context, the importance of
1760 AD is that in the same year cast iron blowing cylinder was the first
experiment. Railway expanded in Europe after 1840 AD, hence, there was
unprecedented progress in industrial production. So this period was given the
name of the second industrial revolution.
Industrial Revolution
: Beginning
Before the start of
Industrial Revolution, domestic industries were dominated. Craftsmen, artisans,
craftsmen used to prepare beautiful objects of their homes. Industrial
Revolution has resulted in radical changes in the methods of production. The
use of machines in place of human labor began. Newer machines are built. In
this way, as a result of scientific research, when factories were born and
production increased, it was termed as "Industrial Revolution". In
essence, Industrial Revolution refers to those changes that made it possible
that humans could produce large quantities of large quantities of items in the
big factories except for the ancient methods of production.
Reason
The foundation of the
Industrial Revolution was already being prepared in England. The business class
of England was more efficient and courageous than the business class of other
countries. They had more passion and natural motivation for the advancement of
the business. The business class in England was free of government
interference. The Government of England also assisted the businessmen. In
addition to the ease of the situation, due to social, political and economic
conditions, Industrial Revolution was first of all in England. The details of
these reasons are as follows -
England's internal
status
After the revolution
of 1688 AD, the Parliament of England Parliament was established. The rights of
the public were secured. After getting rid of political and religious
oppression, people started moving towards economic development. There was no
fear of civil war and external aggression. Internal peace and soundness helped
in the progress of trade. But other countries were trapped in political
conflicts.
The Renaissance
Rise of Middle Class
Due to the business
revolution in the seventeenth century, the strength of the middle class grew.
But due to feudal restrictions, the middle class business was not progressing
in trade and industry. In the 1740s, the middle class revolted in England in
the revolution. As a result of the revolution, a new system is established. In
the new system, due to the relieving of old feudal sanctions and power in the
hands of industrialists, there has been a lot of progress in industry in
England. Since the political power in England in the hands of the middle class
was before France and America, hence the beginning of the Industrial Revolution
was also first introduced in England.
Excess of Capital
The trade in England
was from East and West Islands. This gave England more profits. The capitalist
system in the country was getting increasingly increasing day by day. Using the
remaining capital, people will start to increase production. Industrial revolution
was encouraged by the increase in production. The development of the bank
system also helped to raise funds.
Increasing demand for
goods.
The consequences of
the eighteenth century war proved to be helpful in the progress of the
Industrial Revolution. England used to prepare war materials for professional
soldiers. The increasing demand for goods made necessary changes in the methods
and means of production. It was such a situation that people had to put their
intellect in the production of goods on large scale.
Influence of Agrarian
Revolution
One of the main
reasons for the first industrial revolution in England was that there was a
change in the first agricultural system. A method of farming was adopted and
production increased. Changes in the economic condition of the people, their
needs increased and industry-related businesses were developed to meet the
needs. It has been possible to feed the growing population of cities by
increasing production. One result of the agrarian revolution was that the
farmers engaged in farming became useless. They went to town in search of
livelihood. This led to lack of labor force. Now the market got ready for the
finished goods in the country.
Skilled craftsman
Due to the Crusades in
the seventeenth century, more skilled skilled workers from other countries had
come to England. He performed his art skills in England. This increased the
knowledge of the workers in England. There was a change in the way of farming
and industry was developed. In this way, skilled craftsmen have been very
helpful in the development of industries.
Raw materials
facility
By the middle of the
18th century, the colonial empire of England had spread to eastern Canada,
North America, Florida, India, Western Islands, Western Africa, Gibraltar. From
these places, England got enough raw material. Also, the market was also used
for consumption of manufactured goods. Money was also available from the
colonies. Thus, with the rise of the colonial empire, England got considerable
support in industrial progress. Because the main means of industrial
development - capital, labor, raw materials and market colonies were found.
Increase in
population
The rise in population
was one of the main reasons for the industrial revolution. The security of the
children and the assistance of the poor were arranged. Now people could not
easily be a victim of hunger and rest. Increasing population increased labor
for the development of the industry.
Deforestation
As a result of the
collapse of the forest union, the Industrial Revolution could achieve success.
The people in the forest union had to work according to the rules of
association. But due to the breakdown of the Vantik Sangh, people started doing
their work of choice. A variety of businesses emerged. This also boosted the
industrial revolution.
Result
Financial Results
Industrial Revolution
resulted in change in economic life of the people. On the one hand, large
factories were established, on the other hand, domestic industries were
destroyed. This bad impression was on the craftsmen. Amiri-Poverty Increased
Together England's national property grew. Inland business as well as
international trade also increased. The trade of England was from Asia, Africa
and America. This has given him economic benefits. The useless laborers and
craftsmen in the country started working in the city. This led to the increase
in population of cities, as well as economic-social problems.
Social Result
Due to the proper
management of nutritious food and claim-alcohol, population increased. On the
other hand, the bad effect of the factory system was on the health of workers.
Workers were not given proper wages. Due to low wages, they did not get good food.
The Industrial Revolution gave rise to social asymmetry. The money was
deposited in the hands of a few people. Capitalists used to earn profits and
they did not care about the convenience of workers. The rich were becoming
wealthy day by day and the poverty of the poor was increasing. Economic
inequality gave birth to social inequality. In society, social evils like
corruption and adultery have increased. This made the life of the people
painful.
The French Revolution
As a result of the
Industrial Revolution, many people have changed their standard of living.
Happiness and solidity grew in life. The production of things started to be in
sufficient quantity Now the ordinary person started using the same things that
was used only to the rich class only. The industrial class gave birth to the
middle class. The people of this class had the money. But they did not get any
rights. They started struggling for their rights. This caused a social problem.
To solve the problem,
the government of the industrialized countries made some laws. The middle class
got social equality Labor was exploited in the capitalist economy. They had to
work for a long time but wages were low. As a result the labor union was born.
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