The
Renaissance
Renaissance in Europe literally means "wake up
again". The cultural progress that was made in Europe between the
fourteenth and the sixteenth century is called "Renaissance".
As a result, new
consciousness came in every area of life. This movement was not limited to
the salvation of old knowledge, but in this era, new experiments were made in
the fields of art, literature and science. New research took place and new ways
of finding knowledge were discovered. It distinguished humanism in place of paroism and religiousism.
Renaissance was the
movement by which the West's nation came out of medieval times and adopted the
ideas and lifestyle of the modern age. Residents of Europe made progress in
geographical, business, social and spiritual areas. In this era, people have
abandoned medieval monotheism and equipped themselves with new discoveries,
latest ideas and social, cultural and intellectual advancement.
The French Revolution
Every area has a
completely new approach, ideal and hope is communicated. Religion's influence
ended on literature, art, philosophy, science, commerce, society and politics.
Thus, the Renaissance is the name of the intellectual movement that revived the
ancient civilization-culture of Rome and Greece and gave birth to new
consciousness.
Causes of Renaissance In Europe
1. Business and
development of cities
The most important
reason for Renaissance was the development of commerce. The business
relationship of the people with the new countries was established and they got
an opportunity to know the culture and culture there. Business development gave
birth to a new business class. The businessman was a strong critic and staunch
opponent. The business class encouraged thinkers, thinkers, literary and
scientists.
Thus, the progress of knowledge-science has progressed in the umbrella of the
business class. New city settled with the development of trade In
Sharon there were businessmen from many countries in connection with trade.
There was exchange of ideas among them. The intellectual development of the
public was exchanged with ideas.
2. Contact East
At the time when
Europeans were intellectually backward, a new Arab culture had given birth to the
Arabs. The billions of empires spread to Spain and North Africa. They were also
spreading their empire-expansion along with knowledge-science. Due to the
contact with the Arabs, the West also benefited.
3. Tradition of
Medieval Panditpanth
Based on the knowledge
gained from the Arabs, the scholars of Europe emphasized the study of
Aristotle. He ran Panditpand tradition. It was the primacy of antiquity and
authenticism. An attempt was made to revive ancient literature. Ancient
literature was translated into various languages. Aristotle's philosophy was
the primacy of this philosophy.
4. The invention of
paper and printing art
The contribution of
paper and printing was important in pursuing the Renaissance in Europe. The
printing of books and printing was started extensively with the invention of
books. The ordinary person could now read and buy books at affordable rates.
The books were written in the language of the masses, so that the benefits of
knowledge-making started reaching ordinary people. People started becoming
aware of the work of different thinkers and philosophers. They had intellectual
awareness.
5. Cultural
significance of the Mongol empire
The durbar of the
Mongol Emperor Kublai Khan was a meeting place for the scholars of the East and
the West. His court was full of scholars, missionaries and businessmen from
abroad and abroad. Interpersonal interaction between these scholars helped in
the progress of knowledge-science. Travelers of Europe tried to use their
method in their country by learning the method of producing gunpowder, paper
and ship compass. Thus, the Mongol empire did the vehicle in pursuit of
Renaissance in Europe.
6. Fall of
Kastunatunia
In 1453 AD Osmani
Turks took control of Kustunetunia. Kusutantunya was the center of
enlightenment. After the conquest of the Turks, fleeing the disciplines of
Kustunatunya, seeking refuge in the countries of Europe. He attracted people's
attention to ancient literature and knowledge. This generated new curiosity in
the public with reverence for ancient knowledge. This curiosity was the soul of
the Renaissance in Europe.
There
is another significant effect of the decline of Kustunatunya. The trade routes
of trade were closed between Europe and Eastern countries. Now the effort of reaching the eastern part
of the waterway started. Columbus, Waskodigama and Magellan have discovered
many countries in this activity.
7. Discovering
ancient literature
In thirteenth and
fourteenth century, scholars tried to revive the ancient literature. Among them
are the names of Petrarch, Dante Alighieri, and Bacon. Scholars translated
ancient texts into different languages and tried to introduce people to the
mysterious subjects.
8. Impact of
Humanistic ideology
Europe's medieval
civilization was based on artificiality and core idealism. Worldly life was
misconstrued. Universities of Europe were studying Greek philosophy. Roger
Bacon opposed Aristotle's primacy and rendered the theory of rationalism. This
led to the development of humanism. Humanists criticize the fanaticism of
churches and clergy
Literary Theory & Criticism
9. Influence of
Crusade
For almost two hundred
years, there was a crusade between the East and the West. Crusades of Crusade
were influenced by Eastern civilization. Later these warriors strengthened the
foundation of Renaissance in Europe in Europe.
10. Decrease of
Feudalism
Due to feudal
practice, farmers, businessmen, artists and ordinary people did not get the
opportunity of independent meditation. The atmosphere was always toxic due to
feudal wars. But the fall of the feudal system balanced the public life.
Peace and order prevail. In the peaceful environment, people began to make progress in literature, art and business and pay attention. In a peaceful environment, people started paying attention to the progress of literature, art and business. The important consequence of the decline of feudalism was the development of the national states. People were born in a national spirit.
Peace and order prevail. In the peaceful environment, people began to make progress in literature, art and business and pay attention. In a peaceful environment, people started paying attention to the progress of literature, art and business. The important consequence of the decline of feudalism was the development of the national states. People were born in a national spirit.
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