IGNOU MANE 004 Important Questions With Answers English Medium
IGNOU MANE 004 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-MANE 004 Gender and Society delves into the complex and
ever-evolving relationship between gender and societal structures. This course
likely explores how social norms, cultural values, and power dynamics shape our
understanding and experience of gender, both individually and collectively.
Course Structure:
- Block-1 Approaches To The Study Of Gender
- Block-2 Theorising Gender
- Block-3 Social Construction Of Gender
- Block-4 Gender Relations In Social Institutions
- Block-5 Gender And Work
- Block-6 Social Stratification And Gender
- Block-7 Cross Cultural Perspectives
- Block-8 Women In India And Some Insights
Q.1 What
do you understand by patriarchy? Discuss the Marxist perspective on the origin
of patriarchy.
Patriarchy embodies a societal
structure where power and authority predominantly favor men, resulting in the
marginalization and oppression of women across various spheres of life. This
system manifests in unequal access to resources, restrictive gender roles, and
institutionalized discrimination against women. Understanding the origins of
patriarchy from a Marxist perspective provides insights into how class-based
societies and the evolution of private property contributed to its
establishment and perpetuation.
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IGNOU MANE 004 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-According to Marxist theory,
patriarchy stems from the emergence of private property and the transition from
communal to class-based societies. Pre-capitalist societies, characterized by
communal ownership and relatively fluid gender roles, saw women actively
participating in economic production and decision-making. However, as societies
shifted towards private ownership of resources, wealth accumulation, and class
divisions, patriarchy emerged as a means to uphold and consolidate hierarchical
structures.
The transition to agriculture and
sedentary societies marked a pivotal shift, as private property ownership
became central. This shift allowed some individuals, primarily men, to amass
wealth and power, leading to the establishment of patrilineal inheritance
systems and patriarchal family structures. These structures ensured the
transmission of property and privilege along male lines, reinforcing the
dominance of male elites within society.
IGNOU MANE 004 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-Furthermore, the division of labor
within emerging class-based societies reinforced patriarchal norms. Men
primarily engaged in tasks related to land cultivation and resource management,
while women were confined to domestic responsibilities and reproductive labor.
This division justified the subordination of women and further entrenched
gender-based hierarchies.
With the advent of capitalism,
patriarchy evolved to serve the interests of capitalist elites. Capitalism
intensified the exploitation of women's labor, both within the household and
the capitalist economy. Women's unpaid domestic labor became indispensable for
reproducing the labor force, yet remained undervalued within the capitalist
system.
IGNOU MANE 004 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-The nuclear family, promoted by
capitalist societies, emerged as a cornerstone institution for reproducing
capitalist relations of production. This institution, characterized by gendered
division of labor and hierarchical dynamics, perpetuated patriarchal power
structures across generations. Additionally, capitalist ideology, emphasizing
individualism and competition, reinforced patriarchal values and justified
gender inequalities.
Marxist feminists emphasize the
role of ideology in sustaining patriarchy. Dominant capitalist ideologies
propagate values that legitimize gender-based inequalities and uphold male
superiority. Through media, education, and cultural institutions, patriarchal
ideologies are disseminated, further entrenching gender disparities in society.
Q.2 Critically
discuss the American feminist psychological thoughts in the study of gender.
Q.3 Discuss
socialization and examine the role of schools and peers in the gendered
socialization of a child.
Q.4 How
was gender as a concept introduced into anthropological theory? Discuss some of
its main contributions.
Q.5 What
are the different life stages that a woman goes through? Discuss two life
course events highlighting how they affect a woman's identity and position in
society.
Q.6 What
is sexuality? Discuss Indian sexuality from a Fowcaultian perspective.
Q.7 Can
there be gender equity in the process of globalisation? Discuss from the
perspective of women work and globalisation.
Q.8 What
is gender socialisation ? Discuss in detail the role of family and kinship in
the socialisation of a child.
Q.9 Discuss
in detail the psychoanalytical theories originating in either America or
France.
Q.10
Define femininity and masculinity. Discuss them from the perspective of
sexuality, religion and culture.
Q.11
Discuss the major contributions made by anthropologists to the study of gender.
Q.12
Elucidate the contribution of different feminist perspective in comprehending
the clan and gender relation.
Q.13
Discuss various theoretical approaches to the process of socialisation. What
are the roles of agents of socialisation ?
Q.14
Assess how public policies have contributed to women's empowerment.
Q.15
How negative effects of globalisation can be minimized by mainstreaming gender
in our social and economic policies ?
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