IGNOU MED 008 Solved Assignment 2024-25

MED 008 Solved Assignment 2024-25

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Course Code: MED 008

Assignment Code: MED 008 ASST/TMA/2024-25

Marks: 100

NOTE: All questions are compulsory

Note: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment to the Coordinator of yourstudy centre. Last date of submission for July 2023 session is 31st October, 2023 and for January 2024 session is 30th April 2024.

Q1. Briefly discuss the Greenhouse effect on the earth. Explain how globalisation is responsible for large scale disruption of ecosystems.

The Greenhouse Effect is a natural process that warms the Earth's surface. It occurs when the sun's energy reaches the Earth's atmosphere, some of it is reflected back to space and the rest is absorbed and re-radiated by greenhouse gases. These gases include water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.

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The absorbed energy warms the atmosphere and the surface of the Earth. This process maintains Earth's temperature at around 33 degrees Celsius (59 degrees Fahrenheit) warmer than it would otherwise be, allowing life to exist on our planet. However, human activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, have significantly increased the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, leading to an enhanced greenhouse effect and global warming. This contributes to climate change, which has numerous impacts on ecosystems, including altered weather patterns, shifts in habitats, and changes in species distribution and behavior.

Globalization refers to the interconnectedness and interdependence of economies, cultures, and societies facilitated by international trade, communication, and technology. While globalization has led to economic growth and development in many parts of the world, it has also been associated with large-scale disruption of ecosystems for several reasons:

Increased trade and transportation: Globalization has led to increased movement of goods, people, and species across borders. This movement can introduce invasive species to new environments, disrupt natural ecosystems, and contribute to the spread of diseases among plants, animals, and humans.

Exploitation of natural resources: Globalization has intensified the exploitation of natural resources such as timber, minerals, and freshwater. This often occurs without adequate regulation or consideration for the long-term sustainability of ecosystems, leading to deforestation, habitat destruction, pollution, and loss of biodiversity.

Industrial agriculture: Globalization has facilitated the expansion of industrial agriculture, which relies on large-scale monocultures, heavy use of pesticides and fertilizers, and extensive land clearing. This can degrade soil quality, pollute waterways, and fragment habitats, threatening the survival of native species and disrupting ecological balance.

Climate change: Globalization is closely linked to the burning of fossil fuels, which is the primary driver of climate change. The resulting changes in temperature, precipitation, and weather patterns can have profound effects on ecosystems, including altered growing seasons, increased frequency of extreme weather events, and habitat loss for vulnerable species.

Overall, while globalization has brought many benefits, it has also contributed to the degradation and disruption of ecosystems on a large scale. Addressing these challenges requires coordinated international efforts to promote sustainable development, conserve biodiversity, and mitigate climate change.

Q2. Distinguish between:

(i) Floods and droughts

(ii) Sudden and Insidious disasters

Q3. What is meant by North-South divide? Discuss the role of MNCs, TNCs and IFIs in economic globalisation.

Q4. Write short notes on the following:

i. Rio +5 and Rio

ii. Biodiversity Convention

iii. UNEP

Q5. Mention any five multilateral agreements related to transnational air pollution. Discuss the world Bank’s environmental agenda.

Q6. Discuss briefly the environmental concerns of South Asia with special reference to Sri Lanka.

Q7. Define NGOs. Explain its origin and briefly discuss the different perspectives of NGOs.

Q8. Write short notes on the following:

i. Chilka Bachao Andolan and Chipko Movement

ii. Seed Suicides in India

iii. Indicators of Sustainability of Food Security

iv. Environmentally Sound Technologies

v. Environmental Ethics; and

vi. Role of Judiciary in Curbing Air Pollution

MED 008 Handwritten Assignment 2024-25

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Important Note - You may be aware that you need to submit your assignments before you can appear for the Term End Exams. Please remember to keep a copy of your completed assignment, just in case the one you submitted is lost in transit.

Submission Date :

31st March 2023 (if enrolled in the July 2024-25 Session)

30th Sept, 2023 (if enrolled in the January 2024-25 session).

IGNOU Instructions for the MED 008 Assignments

MED 008 Globalisation and Environment Assignment 2024-25 Before ate mpting the assignment, please read the following instructions carefully.

1. Read the detailed instructions about the assignment given in the Handbook and Programme Guide.

3. Write the course title, assignment number and the name of the study centre you are attached to in the centre of the first page of your response sheet(s).

4. Use only foolscap size paper for your response and tag all the pages carefully

5. Write the relevant question number with each answer.

6. You should write in your own handwriting.

GUIDELINES FOR IGNOU Assignment MED 008023-24

MED 008 Solved Assignment 2024-25 You will find it useful to keep the following points in mind:

1. Planning: Read the questions carefully. Go through the units on which they are based. Make some points regarding each question and then rearrange these in a STATISTICS IN PSYCHOLOGYal order. And please write the answers in your own words. Do not reproduce passages from the units.

2. Organisation: Be a little more selective and analytic before drawing up a rough outline of your answer. In an essay-type question, give adequate attention to your introduction and conclusion. The introduction must offer your brief interpretation of the question and how you propose to develop it. The conclusion must summarise your response to the question. In the course of your answer, you may like to make references to other texts or critics as this will add some depth to your analysis.

3. Presentation: Once you are satisfied with your answers, you can write down the final version for submission, writing each answer neatly and underlining the points you wish to emphasize.

IGNOU Assignment Front Page

The top of the first page of your response sheet should look like this: Get IGNOU Assignment Front page through. And Attach on front page of your assignment. Students need to compulsory attach the front page in at the beginning of their handwritten assignment.

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MED 008 Handwritten Assignment 2024-25

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