IGNOU MWG 010 Important Questions With Answers English Medium

IGNOU MWG 010 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-MWG 010 Women and Political Process is a course offered by Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) that explores the complex relationship between women and political participation in India.

Course Structure:

• Block 1: Feminism and the Political: Introduces various feminist perspectives on women's political participation and empowerment.
• Block 2: Re-Tracing History: Analyzes the historical trajectory of women's political movements in India from the colonial era to the present day.
• Block 3: Women's Agency in Post-Independence India: Examines the changing landscape of women's political participation in independent India, focusing on constitutional provisions, reservation policies, and key milestones.
• Block 4: Women and Electoral Process: Dives into the electoral process in India, including voter registration, campaigning, and voting, and their implications for women's participation.
• Block 5: Women and Political Conflict: Analyzes the role of women in political conflict situations, examining issues like caste, community, and violence against women.
• Block 6: Political Empowerment: Explores strategies and initiatives for promoting women's political empowerment at various levels, including policy frameworks, capacity building programs, and grassroots movements.

Q.1 Discuss the participation of women in contemporary movements in India. Give examples.

IGNOU MWG 010 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-The involvement of women in contemporary movements in India is a dynamic and transformative force that extends beyond conventional boundaries. From grassroots activism to large-scale protests, women throughout the country have played pivotal roles in instigating social change, advocating for justice, and challenging established norms.

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One striking example of women's participation in contemporary movements is their role in the aftermath of the "Nirbhaya" case and the subsequent protests for women's safety and justice in 2012. The brutal gang rape and murder of a young woman in Delhi ignited widespread outrage, leading to a movement demanding stricter laws and societal accountability. Women were at the forefront of organizing and participating in protests, vehemently raising their voices against gender-based violence and advocating for systemic change. This movement resulted in legal reforms, including amendments to criminal laws to address sexual offenses more effectively.

IGNOU MWG 010 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-The Nirbhaya case and the ensuing movement underscored the collective strength of women in demanding justice and emphasized the urgent need for a safer environment for women in India.

The ongoing farmers' protests, primarily centered around Delhi, provide another significant example of active women's participation in contemporary movements. While the protests primarily revolve around agrarian issues, women farmers have been actively involved, challenging traditional gender roles within farming communities.

Their participation goes beyond symbolic representation, with women leading marches, addressing gatherings, and actively engaging in negotiations with government authorities. The movement highlights the intersectionality of issues, where women's rights intersect with broader socio-economic and agrarian concerns.

Environmental movements in India also witness the active participation of women, emphasizing the intersectionality of gender and ecological justice. The Chipko movement, which originated in the 1970s in the Himalayan region, saw women hugging trees to prevent deforestation. In contemporary times, women continue to play pivotal roles in environmental activism.

IGNOU MWG 010 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-An exemplary instance is the protest in Jadugoda, Jharkhand, where indigenous women have been leading demonstrations against uranium mining and its detrimental effects on their health and environment. This showcases the interconnected struggles for gender and environmental justice.

The MeToo movement in India, inspired by the global campaign against sexual harassment and assault, saw women from various sectors coming forward to share their experiences. This movement facilitated a public reckoning with systemic issues of workplace harassment and power dynamics.

Women across professions, including Bollywood, journalism, and academia, used social media to break the silence around harassment and demand accountability. The MeToo movement sparked conversations about consent, power structures, and the need for institutional reforms to address workplace harassment.

Women's involvement in the anti-CAA (Citizenship Amendment Act) and NRC (National Register of Citizens) protests is another compelling example. The Shaheen Bagh protests in Delhi, led predominantly by Muslim women, gained international attention for their resilience and commitment to preserving the secular fabric of the country. These women challenged stereotypes and defied expectations, asserting their political agency and demanding a more inclusive and pluralistic vision of India.

IGNOU MWG 010 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-The rights movement in India has also witnessed significant participation from women. The repeal of Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code in 2018, decriminalizing consensual same-sex relationships, marked a historic victory for the community. Women activists and allies played crucial roles in advocating for this change, challenging heteronormative structures, and fostering a more inclusive society.

In the realm of labor rights, women have been active participants, particularly in movements championing the rights of domestic workers and informal laborers. Organizations like the Self-Employed Women's Association (SEWA) have been instrumental in mobilizing and advocating for the rights of women engaged in informal and precarious work. These movements address not only economic disparities but also challenge traditional gender roles that dictate the nature of women's work.

The role of women in the Adivasi (indigenous) movements across India is significant, with women at the forefront of struggles for land rights, cultural preservation, and autonomy. In states like Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand, Adivasi women have been actively resisting the encroachment of their lands by mining and industrial activities. These movements exemplify how women's struggles intersect with issues of land, identity, and self-determination.

While these examples showcase the active participation of women in various movements, it is essential to acknowledge the challenges they face. Women often confront patriarchal attitudes within the movements themselves, with their voices and concerns marginalized or co-opted. Additionally, they grapple with societal expectations, threats, and violence, both online and offline. The digital space, while providing a platform for amplifying voices, also exposes women activists to online harassment and abuse.

Q.2 Evaluate the Constitutional debates in India. Discuss their role in helping women to achieve social and political mobility with the help of suitable examples.

Q.3 Explain the inter-linkages between regional reform movements, its models and women's questions.

Q.5 Write an essay on the inter-relationship between gender, power and decision-making.

Q.6 Discuss the feminist critique of the idea of the 'Political'.

Q.8 Explain the role of family and community in regulating women's sexuality through sexual violence. Give examples.

Q.9 Analyse the debates on 'Women's Reservation Bill', with suitable examples.

Q.10 Describe the narratives of women and violence in the history of partition of India.

Q.11 Define the concept of political agency. What is the relationship between gender and citizenship ? Discuss.

Q.12 Critically examine the Women's Reservation Bill. Do you think that it would enhance the women's representation in parliament ? Discuss.

Q.13 Discuss public and private patriarchy in context of women's political participation. Give suitable example in support of your answer.

Q.14 . Analyse the intersectionality of gender caste, community and violence in India. Give suitable examples.

Q.15 Discuss the 'pro-active' and 'retro-active' models of reform movement in 19th century.

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