IGNOU MWG 009 Important Questions With Answers English Medium
MWG 009, offered by Indira Gandhi National Open University
(IGNOU), dives into the intricate link between women's lives and the wider
social structures that shape them.
Course Structure:
- Block 1: Social Structure and Processes: This block lays the foundation by introducing key concepts of social structure, inequality, and social change. It examines how these interact with gender, setting the stage for further exploration.
- Block 2: Family: This block focuses on the family as a primary social unit, analyzing its structure, power dynamics, gender roles, and their impact on women's lives within the family unit.
- Block 3: Class: This block examines the concept of class and its intersection with gender. It explores how class structures create advantages and disadvantages for women based on their socio-economic background.
- Block 4: Caste: This block delves into the intricacies of the caste system in India and its impact on women's lives. It analyzes how caste intersects with gender to create distinct experiences and challenges for women from different caste groups.
- Block 5: Tribe: This block explores the lives of women within tribal communities, focusing on their unique social structures, customs, and challenges related to gender roles, land rights, and access to resources.
- Block 6: Religion: This block examines the interplay between religion, gender, and social structures. It analyzes how different religious belief systems and practices impact the lives of women and shape their experiences within their communities.
Q.1 .
What is development ? Discuss theories of development from feminist
perspectives.
Julia Kristeva, a prominent figure in French psychoanalysis,
literary theory, and feminist philosophy, has made significant strides in
advancing psychoanalytic thought. Her interdisciplinary approach, drawing from
linguistics, semiotics, and psychoanalysis, has led to the development of
unique concepts, with "Semanalysis" standing out as a key term.
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IGNOU MWG 009 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-Kristeva's theoretical framework builds upon the ideas of
Sigmund Freud and Jacques Lacan, extending and innovating within their
theoretical domains. At the core of Kristeva's work lies the proposition that
the human subject is inherently divided, with language serving as a primary
arena for the manifestation of this internal schism.
The concepts of the "semiotic" and the
"symbolic" are pivotal to Kristeva's framework, borrowing from
Lacan's distinction between pre-linguistic, rhythmic language (semiotic) and
structured language conforming to societal norms (symbolic). However, Kristeva
expands this binary by introducing the "chora," a term denoting the
semiotic aspect that exists at the margins of the symbolic. The chora
represents a fluid, pre-linguistic space characterized by rhythm, affectivity,
and bodily experiences, challenging the rigid structures of the symbolic order.
Kristeva introduces the concept of "Semanalysis" in
her seminal work "Revolution in Poetic Language" (1974), which
encapsulates her exploration of the semiotic within the symbolic order.
Semanalysis involves the analysis of the heterogeneous, non-linear, and
pre-linguistic aspects of language that resist fixed signification. It serves
as a means to understand the transformative potential of language, particularly
within the realms of literature and artistic expression.
IGNOU MWG 009 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-Kristeva's engagement with psychoanalytic theory is
exemplified in her analysis of the maternal body and its role in subjectivity
formation. In "Stabat Mater" (1983), she explores the maternal as a
potent semiotic force disrupting the established symbolic order. The maternal,
associated with the chora, signifies a pre-linguistic communication between
mother and infant preceding societal norms and language structures. This
maternal semiotic, rooted in bodily experiences and affectivity, becomes crucial
for understanding subjectivity formation.
The concept of "abjection" adds another layer to
Kristeva's psychoanalytic exploration. In "Powers of Horror" (1980),
she introduces abjection as the process through which the subject separates
from the maternal body to establish its own identity. Abjection involves a
rejection of the maternal as the subject strives to enter the symbolic order.
The abject, for Kristeva, represents the liminal space between the semiotic and
the symbolic, encapsulating the discomfort associated with the process of
subject formation.
Kristeva's semiotic approach is further elaborated through
her analysis of literature, particularly in her exploration of poetic language.
Poetry, according to Kristeva, disrupts conventional linguistic structures,
opening a space for the semiotic to emerge. In "Desire in Language"
(1980), she argues that poetry enables a direct engagement with the chora,
providing a medium for the expression of repressed and marginalized aspects of
subjectivity.
IGNOU MWG 009 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-A prime example of Kristeva's semanalysis in literature is
her analysis of Marcel Proust's works. In "Time and Sense: Proust and the
Experience of Literature" (1996), Kristeva explores Proust's use of
language to evoke sensory experiences and memories. Proust's writing
exemplifies the semiotic within the symbolic, using rhythmic and sensory
elements to create a bridge between the chora and the structured symbolic
order. Through Proust's exploration of involuntary memories and the intricate
interplay of senses, Kristeva demonstrates how literature becomes a medium for
semanalysis, allowing for the expression of the semiotic within linguistic and
symbolic frameworks.
Furthermore, Kristeva's application of psychoanalytic theory
extends to her contributions to feminist discourse. Her work has been
influential in feminist theory, particularly in exploring women's subjectivity
and the impact of patriarchal structures on language and identity. The
maternal, in Kristeva's framework, becomes a complex symbol challenging traditional
gender norms. Her analysis of the maternal as a disruptive semiotic force
enables a reevaluation of women's roles beyond conventional societal
expectations.
Q.2 Define
family and explain women's position in the Indian family system. Critically
analyse with the help of relevant examples.
Q.3 Discuss
the meaning of `resistance' and `struggle' in relation to gender, class and
social stratification.
Q.4 Evaluate
Dalit women's question in the light of progressive movements and women's
movement in India.
Q.5 Explain
the representations of women in various social practices of India. Discuss it
in the context of religion.
Q.6 .
Write an essay on Personal Laws of India, pertaining to women.
Q.7 How
does the political economy of India impact the status of tribal women and their
development ? Explain with suitable case studies.
Q.9 .
What is understood by social structure ? Discuss its relationship with gender.
Q.10
Define development and discuss various theories of development from a feminist
lens.
Q.11
Analyse the relationship between women, development and social change from a
feminist position.
Q.12
Critically analyse family as a part of social system. Use feminist discourse to
substantiate your answer.
Q.13
How does feminisms re-conceptualise the idea of class ? Discuss.
Q.14
Critically analyse the concept of ‘Gendering Caste’ in Indian context.
Q.15
Analyse the status of Indian women within the social category of tribe. Use
examples to substantiate your answer.
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