IGNOU MRDE 101 Important Questions With Answers English Medium
MRDE 101, or Master's in Rural Development and Extension -
101, is a course offered by the Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU)
in India. It is a postgraduate diploma program that aims to provide students
with the knowledge and skills necessary to work in the field of rural
development.
Course Structure:
- Block-1 Development of Rural Women
- Block-2 Development of Rural Children
- Block-3 Development of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Under-privileged Groups
- Block-4 Policies and Social Legislations on Children, Women and SC/ST
Q.1 Describe various schemes for girls’ education in India
Several initiatives and schemes in India have been pivotal in addressing the gender disparity in education, specifically focusing on promoting girls' education. These schemes, implemented by both the government and non-governmental organizations, aim to tackle issues such as enrollment, infrastructure, scholarships, and societal attitudes. Here, we delve into some of the noteworthy schemes, shedding light on their objectives, strategies, and impact.
IGNOU MRDE 101 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), launched in 2000, is a
pioneering initiative with a focus on providing universal elementary education.
Recognizing the gender disparities in education, SSA incorporates specific
components to enhance the enrollment and retention of girls in schools. It
emphasizes the construction of separate girls' toilets, ensuring a safe and
conducive environment, and advocating for the mainstreaming of out-of-school
girls.
Another critical scheme, the National Program for Education
of Girls at Elementary Level (NPEGEL), initiated in 2003, targets girls from
disadvantaged groups in primary education. This program strives to improve
enrollment and retention by providing additional support in terms of resources,
teaching staff, and community mobilization. NPEGEL also addresses the quality
of education and aims to create a girl-friendly environment in schools.
For higher education, schemes like the Post-Matric
Scholarship for Girls and the National Scheme of Incentive to Girls for
Secondary Education play a crucial role. These scholarships, offered by both
central and state governments, provide financial assistance to meritorious
girls from economically weaker sections, thus contributing to increased
enrollment and retention of girls in schools and colleges.
IGNOU MRDE 101 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-To combat dropout rates among adolescent girls due to
socio-economic factors, the Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya (KGBV) scheme was
introduced in 2004. This initiative establishes residential schools for girls
in educationally backward blocks, offering not only academic support but also
accommodation, meals, and healthcare. KGBV addresses a spectrum of challenges
faced by girls in accessing education, creating a holistic and empowering
environment.
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The Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao (BBBP) initiative, launched in
2015, addresses the declining child sex ratio and promotes girls' education.
Adopting a multi-sectoral approach, BBBP involves health, education, and
communication strategies to change societal mindsets and improve the overall
well-being of girls. Recognizing education as a fundamental tool for
empowerment, BBBP strives to create an enabling environment for the holistic
development of girls.
In the digital era, the Digital India campaign has played a
crucial role in enhancing educational opportunities for girls. Initiatives like
the Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan (PMGDISHA) aim to make
digital literacy accessible, especially to girls in rural areas. Digital
education not only supplements traditional learning methods but also opens
avenues for skill development and empowerment.
IGNOU MRDE 101 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-Additionally, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have been
actively contributing to girls' education in India. NGOs like Pratham, through
programs like Read India, focus on improving foundational literacy and numeracy
skills among girls, particularly in rural areas. By employing innovative
teaching methodologies and community involvement, these organizations address
gaps in learning outcomes, ensuring that girls receive quality education.
The Sarathi Foundation is another NGO working towards girls'
education by providing scholarships, mentorship programs, and career guidance.
Collaborating with schools, communities, and local authorities, such
organizations create a supportive ecosystem for girls' education, addressing
socio-economic barriers and promoting community involvement.
Moreover, financial inclusion schemes like the Sukanya
Samriddhi Yojana (SSY), launched as part of the Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao
campaign, encourage parents to save for the future education and marriage
expenses of their girl child. This initiative not only fosters a culture of
saving but also recognizes the long-term financial needs associated with girls'
education.
Despite the progress made by these schemes, challenges
persist, including deep-rooted societal norms, economic constraints, and
regional disparities. Comprehensive efforts are required to address these
challenges, involving not only governmental and non-governmental interventions
but also changes in societal attitudes and gender norms.
Q.2
Identify the target groups of Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS).
Highlight the delivery of services under ICDS.
Q.3
Discuss various schemes for the empowerment of scheduled castes
Q.4
Explain the main provisions of the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation)
Act, 1986.
Q.5
Highlight important innovative schemes for education of rural children
Q.6
Briefly explain schemes for rehabilitation of bonded labour.
Q.7
Describe social status of rural women in India
Q.8
Discuss the major health problems among children.
Q.9
Explain various schemes for girls' education in India.
Q.10
Elaborate various schemes for the empowerment of the Scheduled Castes.
Q.11
What are the main indicators of health and nutritional status of women ?
Explain.
Q.12
What are the training areas of women ? Discuss important aspects related to the
training of rural women.
Q.13
Discuss the issues and problems of Scheduled Tribes.
Q.14
What is Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) ? Briefly describe the ways to reduce the
rate of drop - out of girls in school.
Q.15
Explain the constitutional safeguards for the protection and upliftment of
scheduled castes.
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