IGNOU BPCC 111 Important Questions With Answers English Medium
Course Structure:
- Block-1 Psychological Disorders: An Introduction
- Block-2 Disorders of Childhood
- Block-3 Mental Disorders-I
Q.1
Explain how neurotransmitter and hormonal abnormalities may produce abnormal
behaviour.
Abnormal behavior often stems from disruptions in the
delicate balance of neurotransmitters and hormones in the body. These chemical
messengers play pivotal roles in regulating various physiological processes,
including mood, cognition, emotion, and behavior. Understanding how
abnormalities in neurotransmitters and hormones can lead to abnormal behavior
is essential for developing effective interventions and treatments for mental
health disorders and promoting overall well-being.
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IGNOU BPCC 111 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-Neurotransmitters are vital for transmitting signals between
neurons in the brain and nervous system. They influence mood, cognition, and
behavior. For instance, serotonin, often referred to as the
"feel-good" neurotransmitter, helps regulate mood, sleep, appetite,
and stress response. Low levels of serotonin have been associated with mood
disorders like depression and anxiety. Similarly, dysregulation of other
neurotransmitters such as dopamine and norepinephrine can lead to mood
disorders like bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.
Furthermore, neurotransmitter abnormalities can affect
cognitive functioning, impacting processes such as learning, memory, attention,
and executive function. For example, disruptions in acetylcholine and glutamate
signaling can result in memory deficits and impaired cognitive abilities.
Additionally, neurotransmitter abnormalities can influence the brain's reward
system, leading to addictive behaviors like substance abuse and compulsive
eating.
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IGNOU BPCC 111 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-Hormonal abnormalities also contribute to abnormal behavior
by influencing mood, emotion, cognition, and social behavior. Hormones,
released by the endocrine glands into the bloodstream, regulate various
physiological processes. For instance, dysregulation of the stress response
system, mediated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and cortisol,
has been implicated in stress-related disorders like PTSD and anxiety
disorders.
IGNOU BPCC 111 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-Moreover, hormones like oxytocin and testosterone play
significant roles in social behavior and interpersonal relationships. Oxytocin
promotes bonding, trust, and empathy, while testosterone influences aggression
and dominance. Abnormalities in oxytocin and testosterone levels have been
linked to social deficits and aggressive behavior.
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Overall, abnormalities in neurotransmitters and hormones can
disrupt normal physiological functioning and neural circuitry, leading to a
range of abnormal behaviors and mental health disorders. Understanding these
mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted interventions and treatments to
address mental health challenges and promote overall well-being.
Q.2 Describe any two methods for studying genetic influences on abnormal behavior
Q.3
What is the relationship between an individual’s genotype and phenotype?
Describe how genotype can shape and interact with the environment.
Q.4 Discuss the psychoanalytic and the newer psychodynamic perspective on
abnormal psychology.
Q.5
What is the focus of behavioural perspective and what has been its impact?
Q.6
According to humanistic approaches, what are the possible reasons for
development of maladaptive behaviour?
Q.7
Explain how the existential notions of angst and anxiety may contribute to
psychopathology.
Q.8
Does early deprivation and abuse have a role to play in development of
psychopathology? How?
Q.9
What are the sociocultural factors of abnormal behaviour? How do they
contribute to the development if abnormal behaviour?
Q.10
Why is it necessary to pay attention to the role of sociocultural factors in
mental disorders? Explain
Q.11
Describe the three types of feeding disorders.
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Q.12
Explain the causal factors and treatment of eating disorders.
Q.13
Explain the binge-and-purge cycle in bulimia patients.
Q.14
Describe some of the serious medical consequences of bulimia
Q.15
Explain the major types of eating disorders
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