Aristotle’s Poetics and Bharata’s Natyashastra. How do the two view drama
Aristotle's "Poetics" and Bharata's
"Natyashastra" are two ancient texts that offer a theoretical
understanding of drama and its purpose.
Aristotle, in his "Poetics," defines drama as a
"mimetic" art form that imitates human action in order to achieve a
cathartic effect on the audience. He believed that drama should aim to elicit
the emotions of fear and pity in the audience, and that the plot should be
structured in such a way as to create a sense of inevitability and unity.
Aristotle also believed that character, plot, and language were the three main
elements of drama.
On the other hand, Bharata's "Natyashastra" views
drama as a form of entertainment that aims to delight and instruct the
audience. It presents drama as one of the traditional fine arts and also lays
out the principles of theatre production, performance, and aesthetics in great
detail. It is considered as one of the earliest surviving treatise on Indian
theatre. It describes how drama is a combination of music, dance, and
recitation.
In summary, both Aristotle's "Poetics" and
Bharata's "Natyashastra" view drama as an art form that has a
specific purpose, but the purpose differs from one another. Aristotle sees
drama as a means of achieving catharsis, while Bharata sees it as a means of
delighting and instructing the audience.
How does Natyashastra define drama
Natyashastra, written by the Indian sage Bharata, defines
drama as a combination of the three traditional Indian fine arts: music, dance,
and recitation. It presents drama as a form of entertainment that aims to
delight and instruct the audience.
Natyashastra lays out the principles of theatre production,
performance, and aesthetics in great detail. It covers various aspects of drama
such as stage design, costumes, makeup, characters, plot, and dialogue, as well
as the role of the audience, the playwright, and the actors.
It also explains the importance of Rasa, which is the
aesthetic emotion that the audience experiences while watching a performance.
Natyashastra identifies eight Rasas: Shringara (romantic or erotic love),
Karuna (pathos), Hasya (comic), Veera (heroic), Bhayanaka (terror), Bibhatsa
(disgust), Adbhuta (wonder), and Shanta (tranquility). The Natyashastra
suggests that a good play should aim to evoke these emotions in the audience.
In summary, Natyashastra defines drama as a form of
entertainment that combines music, dance, and recitation to delight and
instruct the audience. It covers various aspects of drama and also explains the
importance of Rasa (aesthetic emotion) in a good play.
How does Aristotle describe the plot of a drama
Aristotle, in his work "Poetics," describes the
plot of a drama as the most important element of a play. He defines plot as the
sequence of events in a play, including their causes and effects. He believed
that a good plot should have a beginning, a middle, and an end, and that it should
be unified, with all of its parts working together to create a coherent whole.
Aristotle believed that the plot of a play should have a
clear structure, with a beginning that introduces the characters and the
situation, a middle that develops the story and creates conflict, and an end
that resolves the conflict and brings the story to a close. He also believed
that a good plot should have a clear purpose, such as to entertain or to teach
a moral lesson.
Aristotle also believed that a good plot should have a clear
structure, with a beginning that introduces the characters and the situation, a
middle that develops the story and creates conflict, and an end that resolves
the conflict and brings the story to a close. He also believed that a good plot
should have a clear purpose, such as to entertain or to teach a moral lesson.
He emphasized that good plot should have a strong unity and causality, where
each event must be a necessary consequence of previous events.
In summary, Aristotle defines plot as the sequence of events
in a play, including their causes and effects. He believed that a good plot
should have a clear structure, with a beginning, a middle, and an end. It
should also have a clear purpose and a strong unity, with all of its parts
working together to create a coherent whole.
What were the two original parts of Aristotle's The Poetics
Aristotle's "Poetics" was divided into two main
parts: the first part dealt with tragedy and the second with comedy.
The first part of "Poetics" is primarily focused on
tragedy and the elements that make a tragedy effective. In this section,
Aristotle provides a detailed analysis of what makes a tragedy good or bad. He
examines the role of plot, character, diction, and spectacle in creating a
successful tragedy. He also discusses the various elements of tragedy such as
plot structure, tragic hero, reversal of fortunes, recognition and catharsis.
The second part of "Poetics" is focused on comedy.
Here, Aristotle provides a briefer analysis of the elements of comedy and how
they differ from those of tragedy. He also examines the role of character,
plot, and diction in creating a successful comedy. He also talks about the
different types of comedies, such as Old and New Comedy, and their respective
conventions and characteristics.
In summary, Aristotle's "Poetics" is divided into
two main parts: the first part deals with tragedy and the second with comedy.
The first part provides a detailed analysis of the elements that make a tragedy
effective, while the second part provides a briefer analysis of the elements of
comedy.
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