Themes in Sangam poetry-The maximum exciting function
of Sangam Literature is the reality that even as maximum of the early Themes in Sangam poetry literary
traditions have been spiritual writings in a few shape or the other, Sangam
Literature isn't spiritual in that experience.
The poems belonging to
what's known as Sangam Literature are primarily based totally on principal
themes – love / akam, and heroism/ reward of Kings and their deeds/ puram. But we
are able to cope with akam and puram in element as those themes/ feelings
shape a important a part of the textual content Cilappatikaran. Themes in Sangam poetry.
The literature of this era turned
into made from the subsequent sorts of works:
1. Ettuttokai ( Eight
Anthologies)
2. Pattuppattu ( The Ten
Long Poems)
3. Tolkappiyam ( A Grammar
Treatise )
The Ettuttokai or the Eight Anthologies of gathered
poetry are:
1. Kuruntokai
2. Narrinai
3. Akananuru
4. Ainkurunuru
5. Kalittokai
6. Purananuru
7. Patirruppattu
8. Paripatal
Themes in Sangam poetry Themes in Sangam poetry. The topic of the primary 5 anthologies
(Kuruntokai, Narrinai, Akananuru, Ainkurunuru and Kalittokai) of the Ettuttokai or the Eight Anthologies of gathered poetry is love/ akam.
The topic of the subsequent anthologies (Purananuru and Patirruppattu) is heroism and praises of the Kings and their deeds even as the Eighth Anthology or Paripatal includes poems that cope with love/ akam, heroism/ puram, and the reward of Kings and their deeds. The poems on heroism/ akam are a Themes in Sangam poetryclean extrade from maximum of the early and medieval poetry written withinside the subcontinent as there may be a experience of freshness and the poems aren't slowed down via way of means of the usage of literary conceits and mythological references. However, that isn't to mention that the poems of the Sangam length did now no longer have any reference to spiritual works.
The Paripatal includes a few poems that cope with mainly 4 deities
- Vishnu, Shiva, Durga, and Murugan. Moving directly to the subsequent gathered
works, we've got the Ten Long Poems/ the Pattippattu.
The Pattuppattu or The Ten Long Poems include:
1. Kurincippattu
2. Porunararruppatai
3. Cirupanarruppatai
4. Perumpanarruppatai
5. Maturaikkanci
6. Malaipatukatam
7. Pattinappalai
8. Mullaippattu
9. Netunalvatai
10. Tirumurukarruppatai
Themes of Sangam Literature
Themes in Sangam poetry On the premise of
interpretation and context, the Sangam literature may be defined into kinds
viz. Agam (inner) and Puram (outer). The subjects of Agam are associated with private
and human components which includes love and sexual things. The subjects of
Puram are associated with human studies and feelings which includes Heroism,
Valor, Ethics and Philanthropy. The poems have additionally been categorized on
nature issues which can be referred to as Thinai. The issues are as follows:
·
Kurinji
(Mountianous Theme).
·
Mullai
(Forests Theme)
·
Marutham
(Agricultural Land Theme)
·
Neithal
(Coastal Theme) Paalai (Desert Theme)
The literature turned into misplaced
and forgotten. The Tamil Scholars S V Damodaram Pillai and U V Swamitha Iyer added
it into light. They published and posted unique works which includes Tholkappiyam,
Nachinarkiniyar urai, Tholkappiyam Senavariyar urai, Manimekalai,
Cilappatikaram, Pattupattu, and Purananuru in unique components of the nineteenth
century, all with commentaries.
Themes in Sangam poetry Broadly, we are able to
divide the Sangam literature in 2 components viz. Patinenmēlkanakku and
Patinenkīlkanakku. Out of them, the Patinenmēlkanakku refers back to the oldest
surviving Tamil Poetry of the Sangam Age, relationship again to two hundred BC
to a hundred BC even as the Patinenkīlkanakku refers to the gathering of 18
poetic works, which belongs to Post Sangam period, and date again to a hundred
AD to 500 AD.
Patinenmēlkanakku
This is the gathering of the
Sangam Period works. Ettutokai is a huge quantity of the poems that's such as greater
than 2000 poems. These works, which can be called “The Eight Anthologies”, are
on deferent issues along with Narrinai on love, Kuruntokai on love,
Aiankurunuru on erotic love etc. So maximum works of Ettukottai are of Agam
style. Most works of Pattuppāttu are of Puram context and that they have works
on seasons and picturesque nature of Tamil Country. They are primarily based
totally upon the issues of the nature.
Patinenkīlkanakku
Patinenkīlkanakku
is the submit Sangam paintings this is of Agam in addition to Puram context.
Some crucial factors of a number of those works is as follows:
Naaladiyar turned
into composed through Jain priests and the topic is the brief nature of existence
and youth. It turned into paintings of Nalatiyar.
Nanmanikkatiga
is the gathering of a hundred songs of Vilambi Naganaar and offers conditions /
feelings of four kinds of those who can't sleep withinside the night time and they're
thief, lovelorn, after money, and traumatic approximately dropping money.
Inna Narpathu
describes the matters which have to be averted through the people. It offers
with the matters that deliver disappointment along with lovely however disloyal
wife, wealth of a miser, existence beneathneath a tyrant and a lovely flower with
out fragrance.
Iniyavai Narpathu offers
with the matters which have to now no longer be averted through someone and are
seeking for even in negative conditions along with gaining knowledge of even through
begging, recommendation of discovered persons, healthful children, and now no
longer coveting different’s spouse.
Kalavazhi Narpathu offers
with battle and politics.
Ainthinai Aimpathu offers
with human feelings, love, separation, lovers’ quarrels.
Thinaimozhi Aimpathu
additionally offers with the Agam topics along with love, seperation, lover
fights etc.
Same is with Ainthinai Ezhupathu.
Same is with Thinaimalai Nurru Aimpathu.
Thirukkural
is the primary paintings in all the Dravidian literature which offers with the
ehics. It turned into authored through Thiruvalluvar. It is likewise referred
to as Kural and is a group of 1330 couplets.
Impact of Sanskrit on Tamil Literature
The Tamil language and
literature did now no longer flourish in isolation and turned into prompted through
Sanskrit. The Aryans had penetrated the complete of the Tamil Land through sixth
century AD and Post Sangam literature carries a few strains of Aryan Culture. Themes in Sangam poetry
Influence of Sanskrit is greater at the 5 epics of Tamil Literature, which have
been written among 1st century AD to ninth century AD. Out of them
Silappatikaram, which turned into written through Ilango Adigal, brother of
Senguvattan, a Chera King and who turned into a Jain monk is a pretty seemed
epic. The different 4 epics are:
·
Manimegalai that's a
Buddhist Religious Work
·
Civaka Chintamani that's
a Jain Religious paintings
·
Valayapathi which is
likewise a Jain paintings of ninth Century
·
Kundalkesi that's a
Buddhist paintings of fifth century through Nagasena.
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