The emerging Indo-US relations, analyse how the partnership will serve India’s geostrategic interests.
The emerging Indo-US relations, analyse how the partnership will serve India’s geostrategic interests. Recently, the US President, Donald Trump visited India. While only three of the nine US Presidents during 1947-2000 visited India, every President within the last 20 years has visited India a minimum of once.
Many reasons
might be ascribed to the upper frequency of visits — a shift in global
geopolitics within the post-Cold War era, India’s economic ascent, the increase
of an assertive China, and India's place on the worldwide dining table . Relations
between India and therefore the US have transformed from being Estranged
democracies (during the cold war) to Strategic partners (in the Post-cold war
era).
During the
conflict , India got tilted towards the Soviet Union after If the 1971
Friendship Treaty, which was a response to the continuing U.S. tilt towards
Pakistan and therefore the beginnings of convergence between US and China. at
the present , India and US convergence is thanks to potentially hegemonic China
within the Indo-Pacific region. In this context, the visit of the US president
further cements the strategic convergence between India and therefore the US.
Divergence
In India-US relations
Trade Deal:
Trade has been a serious bone of contention between India and therefore the US.
India has been referred by the US, as “tariff king” that imposes “tremendously
high” import duties. The emerging Indo-US relations, analyse how the
partnership will serve India’s geostrategic interests. Donald
Trump formulated America First policy, on the economic dimension, it means
reducing the U.S. 's trade deficits with major trading partners, including India.
In pursuance of this:
In June
2019, the Trump administration decided to terminate India’s benefits under the
Generalised System of Preferences (GSP) scheme, which provides preferential,
duty-free access for over $6 billion worth of products exported from this
country to the US.
Removal from
the GSP list amidst rising trade tensions prompted India to finally impose
retaliatory tariffs on several American imports. This made the US approach the
WTO against India.
The office
of the US Trade Representative (USTR) has underlined India’s measures to limit
companies from sending personal data of its citizens outside the country as a
“key” barrier to digital trade.
Also, the US
has long demanded greater access to American agriculture and dairy products.
For India, protecting its domestic agriculture and dairy interests was a
serious reason to steer out of the RCEP agreement.
US-Pakistan
Equation: US has softened its position on Pakistan within the last seven
months, thanks to the role Pakistan can play within the Afghan deal (between
the US and therefore the Taliban), likely to be signed on leap day , 2020.
In return,
Pakistan wants the US to interact with India on the Kashmir issue
(internationalising the Kashmir issue). The emerging Indo-US relations, analyse
how the partnership will serve India’s geostrategic interests. Whereas
India maintains the view that Kashmir may be a bilateral issue between India
and Pakistan and no third party are often engaged in it.
Internal
Issues in India: India-US strong strategic partnership is additionally
supported a thought of “shared values” of democracy, rule of law, religious
freedom and protection of minorities. However, the revocation of Article 370,
the new citizenship law and therefore the NRC is testing this “shared values”
principle.
Though the
US president maintained that these matters are internal to India, criticism
from the Congress and a few parts folks civil society is pushing the US
administration to inform India to bring Kashmir to normalcy and not plow ahead
with the new citizenship law followed by the NRC.
Convergence
in Indo-US relations
In the
post-cold war era, India's relationship with the US on defence and strategic
issues has strengthened. this will be reflected within the following:
A
foundational military agreement that permits for the sharing of encrypted
communications and equipment (COMCASA- Communications Compatibility and
Security Agreement).
A change in
U.S. export control laws that places India during a privileged category of NATO
and non-NATO U.S. allies.
The signing
of an Industrial Security Annex which will leave greater collaboration among
the 2 countries’ private defence industries.
The bilateral
Strategic Energy Partnership was launched in April 2018 under which India has
started importing crude and LNG from the US. Now, the US is India’s
sixth-largest source of petroleum imports and hydrocarbons.
Inauguration
of the primary India-US tri-service military exercise and expansion of existing
military exercises.
Inclusion of
India and South Asia within the US Maritime Security Initiative.
These
intense engagement has helped achieve robust support from the US against
terrorism.
This was
evident after the Pulwama attack, resulting in the designation of
Jaish-e-Mohammad chief Masood Azhar as a worldwide terrorist under UN Security
Council Resolution 1267.
Also,
placing Pakistan on the grey-list of the Financial Action Task Force.
The US under
its Pivot to Asia policy views India as a perfect balancer to see the
aggressive rise of China. Therefore, the US has formulated the concept of
Indo-Pacific to counter China within the South China Sea and therefore the
Indian Ocean .
The US has
designated India as an integral a part of the Indo-pacific narrative by the
conception of Quad.
The emerging
Indo-US relations, analyses how the partnership will serve India’s geostrategic
interests. The emerging Indo-US relations , analyses how the partnership will
serve in India
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