FREE IGNOU MEG 08 NEW LITERATURES IN ENGLISH SOLVED ASSIGNMENT 2024-25
1. The changing dimensions of the history of a country always leave
an impact on its literature. Do you agree? Base your answer on the course that
Australian literary studies has taken.
The Impact of Historical Dimensions on Australian Literature
The
history of a nation is deeply intertwined with its literature, shaping its
themes, narratives, and expressions. Australian literature, in particular,
reflects the nation’s dynamic history—from its Aboriginal roots and colonial
past to its modern multicultural identity. The changing dimensions of
Australian history have profoundly influenced its literary landscape, offering
a vivid narrative of societal evolution, struggles, and aspirations.
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| FREE IGNOU MEG 08 NEW LITERATURES IN ENGLISH SOLVED ASSIGNMENT 2024-25 |
The Influence of Aboriginal History
Before
European colonization, the Aboriginal peoples of Australia had a rich oral
tradition. Stories of the Dreamtime, which explain the origins of life and the
land, were passed down through generations, embodying a deep connection to
nature and spirituality. With colonization, these voices were marginalized, but
modern Australian literature increasingly integrates Aboriginal themes and
voices. Writers like Alexis Wright and Kim Scott reclaim Indigenous narratives,
exploring themes of cultural survival, identity, and reconciliation.
The Colonial Era and Its Reflection
The
colonial period marked a significant shift in Australian literature. Early
colonial writings were often Eurocentric, reflecting the settlers’ attempts to
understand the unfamiliar Australian landscape. These works often depicted
Australia as a harsh, untamed land, as seen in the writings of early poets like
Charles Harpur and Adam Lindsay Gordon. As the colonies matured, Australian
literature began to capture the unique experiences of settlers, with works like
Henry Lawson’s short stories and Banjo Paterson’s ballads offering an authentic
portrayal of bush life and pioneering spirit.
National Identity and Federation
The
federation of Australia in 1901 heralded a new era in national identity, and
this was mirrored in its literature. Writers like Miles Franklin and Barbara
Baynton explored themes of identity, class, and gender in a rapidly modernizing
society. Franklin’s My Brilliant Career is a landmark work that
challenges traditional gender roles and underscores the struggle for
self-determination.
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2. Write a detailed note on the role that literature and the
language in which it is written, has played in Kenya and Nigeria.
The Role of Literature and Language in Kenya and Nigeria
Literature
and the languages in which it is written have played a crucial role in shaping
and reflecting the socio-political, cultural, and historical narratives of Kenya
and Nigeria. Both nations, marked by colonization, independence movements, and
post-colonial challenges, use literature as a medium to express identity,
resistance, and resilience while navigating the complexities of language in
their multilingual societies.
Kenya: Language and Literature as Tools of Resistance and
Identity
Kenyan
literature has historically been a vehicle for cultural preservation and
political resistance, shaped significantly by the country's linguistic
diversity and colonial history. Writers have grappled with the question of
language—whether to write in indigenous languages, Swahili (a unifying national
language), or English, the language of the colonizers.
- Role of Indigenous Languages
and Swahili:
Indigenous
languages, like Kikuyu, and Swahili, the lingua franca, have been used to
preserve cultural identity and oral traditions. For instance, oral narratives,
proverbs, and songs serve as repositories of Kenyan history and values,
fostering a sense of continuity and identity.
- Colonial Era Literature:
During
British colonization, literature in English became a means for elites to
address colonial oppression and societal transformation. Writers like NgΕ©gΔ© wa
Thiong’o initially wrote in English but later shifted to Gikuyu, arguing that
African literature should be rooted in indigenous languages to reflect
authentic experiences. His works, such as Devil on the Cross, critique
colonialism, neocolonial exploitation, and the erosion of African identity.
- Post-Independence Literature:
After independence, Kenyan literature focused on themes of
nationalism, corruption, and the struggle for equality. Writers like Meja
Mwangi, in works like Going Down River Road, explore urbanization and
societal inequalities, often employing English to reach wider audiences while
retaining the essence of African storytelling.
3. A Grain of Wheat is based on the Kenyan National movement.
Keeping this statement in mind, attempt a critical analysis of the novel.
NgΕ©gΔ©
wa Thiong'o’s A Grain of Wheat is a seminal novel set against the
backdrop of Kenya's struggle for independence from British colonial rule.
Published in 1967, the novel delves deeply into the complexities of the
national liberation movement, exploring themes of betrayal, sacrifice, and the
moral ambiguities of freedom. While it is a narrative about the Kenyan
independence movement, it also transcends the political context, examining the
human condition and the collective and personal costs of political upheaval.
Historical and Political Context
The
novel is set in the village of Thabai in the days leading up to Kenya’s
independence (Uhuru) in 1963. It portrays the Mau Mau uprising, a guerrilla
movement that sought to overthrow British colonial rule, highlighting the
sacrifices made by ordinary people for the liberation of their country. Through
the intersecting lives of its characters, NgΕ©gΔ© captures the complexity of the
struggle, not as a monolithic narrative but as a mosaic of personal and
collective experiences.
Themes
- Betrayal and Guilt:
The
theme of betrayal is central to the novel, embodied in the character of Mugo, a
loner who is revered as a hero for allegedly leading a hunger strike but is
later revealed to have betrayed Kihika, a freedom fighter. Mugo’s internal
torment over his betrayal highlights the moral ambiguities and personal costs
of war. Similarly, the marriage of Gikonyo and Mumbi suffers due to Gikonyo’s
emotional betrayal after returning from detention. NgΕ©gΔ© uses these betrayals
to underscore the fractured relationships and moral compromises that accompany
national movements.
- Sacrifice and Resistance:
Characters
like Kihika symbolize the idealism and sacrifice of the freedom struggle.
Kihika’s execution by the British after leading a daring rebellion represents
the ultimate sacrifice for freedom. The novel does not romanticize such acts,
however, instead portraying the physical and emotional toll they take on
individuals and communities.
- The Ambiguities of
Independence:
While
the novel celebrates the imminent achievement of Uhuru, it also critiques the
disillusionment and divisions that accompany independence. Characters like
Warui and Wambui express skepticism about whether freedom will truly bring
justice and equality or merely replace one form of oppression with another.
- Colonial Violence and Its
Aftermath:
NgΕ©gΔ©
vividly depicts the brutality of British colonial rule, from mass arrests and
forced labor camps to the psychological scars inflicted on the Kenyan people.
The colonial violence leaves a legacy of trauma, mistrust, and unresolved
conflicts that the characters must navigate as they approach independence.
4. What are some of the major issues that have been explored in A
Dance of the Forests? Give a detailed answer.
Wole Soyinka’s A Dance of
the Forests, first performed in 1960 to commemorate Nigeria’s independence, is
a complex play that delves into significant issues such as the cyclical nature
of history, corruption, cultural identity, and the tension between tradition
and modernity. By blending Yoruba mythology with existential and political
themes, Soyinka creates a multi-layered narrative that critiques both
pre-colonial and post-colonial Nigerian society.
The
Cyclical Nature of History:
One of the central themes
of the play is the idea that history repeats itself. Soyinka critiques the
romanticization of the past by showing that both pre-colonial and contemporary
societies are plagued by human flaws such as greed, betrayal, and cruelty.
Through the spirits of the Dead Man and Dead Woman, Soyinka emphasizes the need
to confront past atrocities to prevent their recurrence in the future.
Corruption
and Moral Decay:
The play highlights the
pervasive corruption in society, both in the past and present. Characters like
Rola, who embodies selfishness and moral ambiguity, and Demoke, who struggles
with guilt for a murder he committed, reflect the moral failings that hinder
societal progress. Soyinka uses these characters to show that independence
alone cannot resolve deeper issues of moral decay and ethical compromise.
Cultural
Identity and Reconciliation:
Soyinka explores the
challenges of cultural identity in a rapidly modernizing Nigeria. The play
critiques both blind adherence to tradition and uncritical acceptance of
modernity. By invoking Yoruba mythology and spiritual elements, Soyinka
emphasizes the importance of cultural heritage while warning against idealizing
the past. The Forest Head and other supernatural beings serve as metaphors for
the need to reconcile tradition with contemporary realities.
5. Why do you think that
Bapsi Sidhwa employed a girl-child as the narrator of the novel Ice-Candy Man?
Give a reasoned answer.
Bapsi
Sidhwa’s decision to employ a girl-child, Lenny, as the narrator of her
acclaimed novel Ice-Candy Man is both deliberate and effective. Lenny’s
perspective allows Sidhwa to present the traumatic events of the Partition of
India in 1947 with a unique blend of innocence, curiosity, and perceptiveness.
Through the eyes of an eight-year-old Parsi girl, the novel explores complex
themes of violence, identity, and human relationships while maintaining a
nuanced and accessible narrative voice.
1. Innocence and Unbiased Perspective
Lenny’s
youth and innocence enable her to observe and recount the events around her
without the prejudices or political agendas that adults often carry. Her lack
of preconceived notions ensures that her narration is not colored by communal
bias, allowing readers to see the humanity in all sides of the conflict. For
instance, her confusion and heartbreak over the transformation of Ice-Candy Man
from a charming, poetic character to a vengeful figure mirror the reader’s own
sense of loss. Lenny’s childlike honesty captures the moral ambiguities and
complexities of Partition without overt judgment.
2. Contrasting Innocence with Violence
Using
a child narrator heightens the emotional impact of the violence and chaos of
Partition. Lenny’s inability to fully comprehend the brutality she witnesses
makes the events even more jarring for the reader. Her observations, often
simplistic and literal, contrast starkly with the horrific realities they
describe, creating a powerful juxtaposition. For example, her description of
communal violence, abductions, and betrayals is filtered through her limited
understanding, making the atrocities appear even more grotesque in their stark
simplicity.
3. A Witness to Transformation
Lenny
serves as a witness to the personal and societal transformations brought about
by Partition. Her close relationships with various characters, such as Ayah,
Ice-Candy Man, and Godmother, provide an intimate view of how individuals from
different backgrounds experience and respond to the upheaval. Lenny’s gradual
loss of innocence as she grapples with betrayal, loss, and the realities of
communal hatred parallels the loss of innocence experienced by the subcontinent
during Partition.
6. Why did Ms. Biswas want a house? Base your answer keeping the diasporic
sensibility in mind.
7. Attempt a critical analysis of Walcott’s poem “Crusoe’s Journal,”
keeping the aspect of postcolonialism in mind.
8. Write a detailed note on Brathwaite’s Rastafarianism, as seen in
his poetry.
9. What are the major themes that can be traced in The Solid Mandala?
Give a detailed answer.
10. Attempt a detailed character analysis of Hagar Shipley as it
emerges in the novel, The Stone Angel.
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MEG 08 NEW LITERATURES IN ENGLISH Handwritten Assignment 2024-25
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Important Note - You may be aware that you need to submit
your assignments before you can appear for the Term End Exams. Please remember
to keep a copy of your completed assignment, just in case the one you submitted
is lost in transit.
Submission Date :
· 30
April 2025 (if enrolled in the July 2025 Session)
· 30th Sept, 2025 (if enrolled in the January
2025 session).
IGNOU Instructions for the MEG 08 NEW LITERATURES IN ENGLISH
Assignments
MEG 08 NEW LITERATURES IN ENGLISH Assignment 2024-25 Before attempting the assignment,
please read the following instructions carefully.
1. Read the detailed instructions about the assignment given in
the Handbook and Programme Guide.
2. Write your enrolment number, name, full address and
date on the top right corner of the first page of your response sheet(s).
3. Write the course title, assignment number and the name of the
study centre you are attached to in the centre of the first page of
your response sheet(s).
4. Use only foolscap size paper for your
response and tag all the pages carefully
5. Write the relevant question number with each answer.
6. You should write in your own handwriting.
GUIDELINES FOR IGNOU
Assignments 2024-25
MEG 02 NEW LITERATURES IN ENGLISH Solved Assignment 2024-25 You will find it useful to keep the following points in
mind:
1. Planning: Read
the questions carefully. Go through the units on which they are based. Make
some points regarding each question and then rearrange these in a logical
order. And please write the answers in your own words. Do not reproduce
passages from the units.
2. Organisation: Be a little more selective and analytic before drawing up a
rough outline of your answer. In an essay-type question, give adequate
attention to your introduction and conclusion. The introduction must offer your
brief interpretation of the question and how you propose to develop it. The
conclusion must summarise your response to the question. In the course of your
answer, you may like to make references to other texts or critics as this will
add some depth to your analysis.
3. Presentation: Once you are satisfied with your answers, you can write down
the final version for submission, writing each answer neatly and underlining
the points you wish to emphasize.
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beginning of their handwritten assignment.
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MEG 08 NEW LITERATURES
IN ENGLISH Handwritten Assignment 2022-23
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PDF and Hardcopy to our IGNOU and other university students. There are several
types of handwritten assignment we provide all Over India. We are genuinely
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