IGNOU BEGC 112 Important Questions with Answers – IGNOU MPSE 12 Previous years important questions with answers. IGNOU MPSE 12 State and Society in Australia Guess Papers for Exams.
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All Question and One
Answer
Q.1.Define Modernism. Explain with examples how it is different from the earlier literary and artistic styles of presentation.
In the beginning, modernism began as an anti-tradition
movement against existing forms of art, literature, philosophy, culture and
society, and impacted other activities of daily life such as architecture,
fashion, modes of transport, and connectivity. Modernism, true to its name
represented a clash between the old and the new. It rejected all traditional
forms as irrelevant and outdated to fit in with the new economic, social, and
political environment of a modern competitive, industrialized world. The poet
artists and writers to re-examine established cultural, aesthetic, and
religious traditions and bring a change in all aspects of life.
The 20th century saw the beginnings
of an aesthetic modernism in literary and visual arts. In painting between 1890
and 1910, came different art movements such as Dadaism, Surrealism, Cubism,
Constructivism, Minimalism, Vorticism, Futurism, and Fauvism distinct from the
earlier forms of Classicism, Gothic art, Baroque, Naturalism, Realism, and
Romanticism to name a few. In short, realistic painting or representation of
reality in painting was abandoned.
Q.2. Distinguish between postmodernism and post-postmodernism.
Q.3. Describe the four ways in which signs represent reality
Q.4. Write a critical note on modernism as a trend in the early twentieth century British fiction.
Q.5. Modernism may offer a critique of life, but does not offer a realistic portrayal. Comment.
IGNOU BEGC 112 Important Questions with Answers – IGNOU BEGC 112 Previous years important questions
with answers. IGNOU BEGC 112 State and Society in Australia Guess Papers for
Exams .
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Q.6. Enumerate the characteristics of the Theatre of the Absurd
At the end of the two major World Wars (1914-18 and 1939-45)
that accounted for the deaths of millions in England and Europe, an alarming
trend of anxiety, hopelessness and religious scepticism spread among Europeans.
Faith in God along with the traditional belief in sin and punishment came under
question leading to an existential crisis and increased scepticism in the
existence of a just and benevolent God. The post- War world was caught between
the old world that was dead, and the new yet to be born. In the context of the
two World Wars that included atomic holocaust and Nazi acts of genocide,
divinely authenticated values became suspect.
This was a baffling irresolvable
question. Several European, British and American writers gave expression to the
concept of the meaninglessness of life and their writings came under the rubric
“Literature of the Absurd”. The word ‘absurd’ in common parlance denotes
something utterly senseless, something that defies logic and reason and is
therefore, laughably ridiculous. Hence the term ‘Absurd’ perfectly fitted the
post-war state where life seemed bereft of all meaning and purpose. The concept
of the Absurd was initiated by Albert Camus in The Myth of Sisyphus though the
term was coined on a much later date in 1961 by Martin Esslin to describe the
works primarily of a number of European playwrights who wrote in the 1950s and
1960s and focussed largely on the meaninglessness and purposelessness of
existence. These plays also highlighted the vacuity of words and actions in a
universe that functioned on its own where human interference was irrelevant and
inconsequential. Thus after the two world Wars, human beings found themselves
in a world with no religion to believe in, no faith to comfort them, and faced
the biggest existential crisis - how to exist in a world where there is no
certainty or predictability about the shape life would take in the future.
“Literature of the Absurd” and in particular the “Theatre of the Absurd” gave
expression to this feeling of loss, lack of purpose in life and absence of
logic and reason in happenings over which one has no control.
Albert Camus from France, Eugene
Ionesco from Romania, Arthur Adamov from Russia, Samuel Beckett - Irish by
birth who wrote initially from France before settling in England, and Harold
Pinter from England were the early contributors to the “Theatre of the Absurd”.
The surprising thing is that none of them knew each other but they wrote
individually and their work collectively dealt with the absurdity of existence.
Camus’s perception of absurdity gave him an awareness of ‘a burning and frigid,
transparent and limited universe in which nothing is possible but everything is
given, and beyond which all is collapse and nothingness’.
Q.7. What were the major characteristics of British fiction written in the early twentieth century?
Q.8. Write short notes on the works of any four British novelists of this period.
Q.9. Write a critical summary of Sons and Lovers, bringing out its major themes and concerns.
Q.10. How did F.R. Leavis critically assess D. H. Lawrence as a novelist?
Q.11. Write an essay on D. H. Lawrence as a modernist novelist
Q.12. Explain the technique of the stream of consciousness put to use in modern fiction.
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IGNOU BEGC 112 Important Questions with Answers –
IGNOU MPSE 12 Previous years important
questions with answers. IGNOU MPSE 12 State and Society in Australia
Guess Papers for Exams .
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