Social ideas of Jyotiba Phule
Introduction
Jyotirao Phule, also known as Mahatma Jyotiba
Phule (11 April 1827 – 28 November 1890) was an Indian social
activist, thinker, anti-caste social reformer and writer from Maharashtra. His
work extended to many fields, including eradication
of untouchability and the caste system and for his efforts
in educating women and oppressed caste people. He and his
wife, Savitribai Phule, were pioneers of women's education in India. Phule
started his first school for girls in 1848 in Pune at Tatyasaheb Bhide's
residence or Bhidewada.
Social ideas of Jyotiba Phule
He, along with his followers, formed the Satyashodhak
Samaj (Society of Truth Seekers) to attain equal rights for people from
lower castes. People from all religions and castes could become a part of this
association which worked for the upliftment of the oppressed classes. Phule is
regarded as an important figure in the social reform movement in Maharashtra.
He was bestowed with honorific Mahātmā (Sanskrit:
"great-souled", "venerable") title by Maharashtrian social
activist Vithalrao Krishnaji Vandekar in 1888.
Jyotirao Phule was born in a Mali (Gardner) family of Poona
in 1827. He was educated at a Marathi school, with a three-year break at a
mission school in Poona. In 1848 Phule began his work as a social reformer
interested in the education of low caste boys and girls, when he started a
school for girls of low and untouchable castes.
Social ideas of Jyotiba Phule
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This article will provide information about a
prominent social reformer – Jyotirao Phule in the context of the IAS
Exam.
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Jyotirao Phule was an Indian social
activist, thinker, anti-caste social reformer and writer from Maharashtra. He
is also known as Jyotiba Phule.
·
Birth: Phule was born on 11th April,
1827 in present-day Maharashtra and belonged to the Mali caste of
gardeners and vegetable farmers.
·
Education: In 1841, Phule was enrolled at
the Scottish Missionary High School (Pune), where he completed
education.
·
Ideology: His Ideology was based
on: Liberty; Egalitarianism; Socialism.
·
Phule was influenced by Thomas Paine’s book titled
The Rights of Man and believed that the only solution to combat the social
evils was the enlightenment of women and members of the lower castes.
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Major Publications: Tritiya Ratna (1855); Powada:
Chatrapati Shivajiraje Bhosle Yancha (1869); Gulamgiri (1873), Shetkarayacha
Aasud (1881).
·
Related Association: Phule along with his
followers formed Satyashodhak Samaj in 1873 which meant ‘Seekers of
Truth’ in order to attain equal social and economic benefits for the lower
castes in Maharashtra.
·
Municipal Council Member: He was appointed
commissioner to the Poona municipality and served in the position until 1883.
·
Title of Mahatma: He was bestowed with the title
of Mahatma on 11th May, 1888 by a Maharashtrian social activist
Vithalrao Krishnaji Vandekar.
Jyotirao Govindrao Phule is known as India's "Father of Women's Education." In August 1848, he founded the first girls' school. He worked tirelessly to abolish untouchability and the caste system, as well as to educate women and others from lower castes.
Social ideas of Jyotiba Phule
Jyotirao Phule advocated female education. In Maharashtra, he built female
schools. He was also a supporter of caste equality. Not just in India, but also
in the United States, he was opposed to all forms of slavery (gulamgiri).
He fought for women's issues such as upliftment, untouchability, women's
education, widow remarriage, health difficulties, and other issues that women
face, and he was a renowned social reformer in Maharashtra and India. He was
the driving force behind the Indian anti-caste movement. He rose up against the
Brahmins' dominance and fought for the rights of peasants and other low-caste
people.
Social ideas of Jyotiba Phule
As a result, Jyotirao Phule advocated for women's education as well as caste
equality.
Phule is regarded as a key player in Maharashtra's social reform movement. The
Maharashtrian social leader Vithalrao Krishnaji Vandekar conferred the
honorific Mahatma (Sanskrit: "great-souled", "venerable")
title on him in 1888. In 1863, he promoted widow remarriage and established a
home for pregnant dominant caste widows to give birth in a safe and secure
environment.
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