IGNOU MPYE 010 Important Questions With Answers English Medium
MPYE 010 is a course code for the
Master of Arts in Philosophy program offered by the Indira Gandhi National Open
University (IGNOU) in India. It is titled Philosophy of Religion. The course introduces students to the philosophical study of religion,
exploring various religious traditions and their core beliefs. It also examines
major philosophical arguments for and against the existence of God, as well as
the nature of religious experience and knowledge.
Course Structure:
- Block 1: Introduction to Philosophy of Religion
- Block 2: Foundations of Religion
- Block 3: Atheism/A-Theism
- Block 4: Theism
Q.1 Discuss the concept of God in the plammaktyp of prominent
modern Western philosophme.
The concept of God has been a
central theme in Western philosophy for centuries, evolving and adapting to the
changing intellectual landscape. In contemporary Western philosophy, various
perspectives on the nature and existence of God have emerged, reflecting the
diversity of philosophical thought.
IGNOU MPYE 010 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-One influential approach is theistic philosophy, which affirms the existence of a personal, transcendent God. Analytic philosophy, a dominant tradition in contemporary Western philosophy, has seen notable theistic contributions. Analytic theists often engage with arguments for the existence of God, such as the cosmological, teleological, and moral arguments. Philosophers like Alvin Plantinga have revitalized the ontological argument, offering sophisticated defenses for the rationality of belief in God.
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Plantinga's modal ontological argument, which
explores the possibility of a maximally great being, has sparked considerable
debate and reflection within analytic philosophy.
Conversely, atheistic or agnostic
perspectives within analytic philosophy have also thrived. Bertrand Russell, a
towering figure in 20th-century philosophy, argued against traditional theism
by questioning the coherence of the concept of God and challenging classical
arguments for God's existence. His famous essay "Why I Am Not a
Christian" encapsulates his skepticism towards religious doctrines and
theistic claims. Analytic philosophers such as J.L. Mackie have scrutinized the
problem of evil, contending that the existence of evil in the world is
incompatible with an all-powerful and benevolent God.
IGNOU MPYE 010 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-Existentialist and phenomenological
philosophies have offered distinct perspectives on the concept of God.
Jean-Paul Sartre, an existentialist, famously declared that existence precedes
essence, arguing for human freedom and responsibility without the need for a
divine foundation. Existentialism, with its emphasis on individual experience
and subjective meaning-making, often eschews traditional religious frameworks.
On the other hand, phenomenologist Edmund Husserl's exploration of
consciousness and intentionality has influenced existentialist thinkers while
also allowing for the possibility of exploring transcendent dimensions within
human experience.
Process philosophy, as articulated
by Alfred North Whitehead and Charles Hartshorne, provides a unique theological
framework. Rejecting the static and immutable God of classical theism, process
theology conceives of God as dynamically involved in the ongoing processes of
the universe. This evolving God engages with the world, experiencing its
changes and contributing to the creative advance of reality. Process theology
attempts to reconcile the divine attributes of omnipotence and omniscience with
the evolving and contingent nature of the world, offering a fresh perspective
on the relationship between God and the cosmos.
Postmodern philosophy, with its
skepticism towards grand narratives and meta-narratives, has influenced diverse
attitudes towards the concept of God. Some postmodernists, like Jean-François
Lyotard, view the notion of a universal, objective truth – including religious
truths – as problematic. Others, like Richard Rorty, advocate for a pragmatic
and contingent approach to beliefs, suggesting that religious language should
be seen as a tool for expressing communal values rather than a reflection of
objective reality. Postmodern thought has led to a reconsideration of religious
pluralism and the acknowledgment of multiple, culturally embedded interpretations
of the divine.
IGNOU MPYE 010 Important Questions With Answers English Medium-Feminist philosophy has also made
significant contributions to the discourse on God, challenging traditional
theological concepts from a gender-sensitive perspective. Feminist theologians
and philosophers critique patriarchal representations of the divine and explore
alternative ways of conceptualizing God that embrace a more inclusive and
egalitarian understanding. Figures like Mary Daly and Rosemary Radford Ruether
have critiqued traditional theologies for perpetuating gender hierarchies and
have sought to liberate theology from oppressive structures.
Q.2 Explain the important teachings of Ramanuja's Visistadvaita
and his objections to Sankara's Advaita philosophy.
Q.3 Examine the importance of verification and falsification
principles. How do religious thinkers respond to them ?
Q.4 What do you mean by atheism ? Explain the varieties and
philosophical roots of it.
Q.5 Define Deism and explain the various facets of it.
Q.6 Examine the important tenets of materialism in the modern
philosophy
Q.7 Elucidate the salient features of Dvaitadvaita of Nimbarka.
Q.8 Highlight the importance of worship and liturgy in
religion.
Q.9 Explain the philosophy of Religion. Illustrate its relation
to other disciplines.
Q.10 Define religious experience. Discuss the various types of
religious experiences.
Q.11 Discuss the viewes of modern philosophers on the existence
of God.
Q.12 What is the problem of evil ? Give an account of the
theories of evil in western perspective.
Q.13 Distinguish between theism, atheism and a - theism.
Q.14 Explain how Marx and
Engels had provided comprehensive theories of knowledge, society and history.
Q.15 Elucidate the Indian understanding on the problem of evil.
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