Explain the goals and objectives of counselling
The goals and objectives of counselling Different individuals have different perceptions of what can
be expected of counseling. Individuals preparing to become counselors, and
those who seek counseling, as well as parents, teachers, school administratorsand governmental agencies, all differ in their expectations of the counseling
experience. The final designation of these goals is to be determined by the
counselor and the client as a team.
What is Counselling ?
Counseling is a process in which a trained professional,
called a counselor or therapist, works with a person or group of people to help
them identify and work through personal, emotional, or behavioral issues. This
can include addressing mental health concerns, resolving relationship
conflicts, or helping individuals achieve specific goals such as career
development. Counseling can take many forms, including individual, couples,
family, and group therapy, and can be provided in a variety of settings including
private practices, hospitals, schools, and community centers.
Counseling theorists do not always agree on appropriatecounseling goals because they are often general, vague and saturated with
implications. However, these are the five most commonly named goals of
counseling:
- Facilitating behaviour change
- Improving the client’s ability to establish and maintain relationships
- Enhancing the client’s effectiveness and ability to cope
- Promoting the decision-making process and facilitating client potential
- Development
These goals are not mutually exclusive and will naturally be
emphasized by some theorists and not others.
We will inevitably run into difficulties in the process of
growing up. Most of us do not completely achieve all of our developmental tasks
within a lifetime. All of the unique expectations and requirements imposed on
us by others will eventually lead to problems. Any inconsistencies in
development can result in children learning behaviour patterns that are both
inefficient and ineffective. Learned coping patterns, however, may not always
work. New interpersonal or occupational role demands may create an overload and
produce excessive anxiety and difficulty for the individual
Children who grow up in excessively strict homes frequently
adjust to such training measures through learned behavioural inhibition. When
social or occupational responsibilities require individuals to be assertive,
they may experience anxiety and be unable to handle responsibilities
effectively. In addition to psychological symptoms, physical symptoms such as
frequent headaches, stuttering in front of people in authority or the inability
to sleep are common. This maladjustment to daily living makes coping skills an
important goal of counseling.
Improving Relationships
Many clients tend to have major problems relating to others
due to poor self-image. Likewise, inadequate social skills cause individuals to
act defensively in relationships. Typical social difficulties can be observed
in family, marital and peer group interaction (e.g., the troubled elementary
school child). The counselor would then strive to help the client improve the quality
of their lives by developing more effective interpersonal relationships.
Promoting Decision-Making
The goal of counseling is to enable the individual to make
critical decisions regarding alternative courses of action without outside
influence. Counseling will help individuals obtain information, and to clarify
emotional concerns that may interfere with or be related to the decisions
involved. These individuals will acquire an understanding of their abilities
and interests. They will also come to identify emotions and attitudes that
could influence their choices and decisions.
Facilitating
Client Potential
Counseling seeks to maximize an individual’s freedom by
giving him or her control over their environment while analyzing responsiveness
and reaction to the environment. Counselors will work to help people learn how
to overcome, for example, excessive substance use and to better take care of
their bodies. Counselors will also assist in overcoming sexual dysfunction,
drug addiction, compulsive gambling and obesity, as well as anxiety, shyness
and depression.
Facilitating
Behaviour Change
Most theorists indicate that the goal of counseling is to
bring about change in behaviour that will enable the client to be more
productive as they define their life within society’s limitations. According to
Rodgers (1961), behaviour change is a necessary result of the counseling
process, although specific behaviours receive little or no emphasis during the
process.
Conclusion
These objectives are not fundamentally unrelated, nor are
they similarly suitable for each client at a particular time. Guiding
objectives can be grouped by three classes: extreme, middle and prompt.
Extreme objectives are philosophical goals that can be
sensibly anticipated from guiding. These objectives incorporate assisting
people with understanding their maximum capacity or to become self-completed.
Halfway objectives connect with the purposes behind looking
for guiding and for the most part require a few meetings to accomplish them.
Helping the individual develope to become and stay a composed, intellectually
sound individual and to accomplish his/her true capacities, would group as a
moderate objective.
Prompt objectives, then again, are the occasion by-second
expectations of guiding, for instance, empowering the client to express an
unexpressed inclination.
What is rapport?
The major goal of Counselling focuses on two aspects:
developing a rapport or relationship with the client which is professional in
nature. Forming rapport is the first crucial objective without which
Counselling cannot progress further
Name the three types of goals in Counselling.
Facilitating behavior change:
Counsellor aims at behavioural change in the client so that it leads to
reduction of stress, bringing harmony and fulfillment in relationships.
Resolution of problems:
Counselling aims at solving the problems with which the clients came to
Counselling. It thus aims at changing maladaptive behavior, and learning
effective strategies to solve and prevent problems.
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What is person-centred therapy
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