Religio-political ideas of Dayanand Saraswati

Introduction

Swami Dayananda Saraswati (1824-1883) was a great reformer of socio-religious in Modern India and was a dialectician and a Vedic scholar

• Saraswati was an arch-rebel who had refused to submit to the traditional authoritarian dictates of his Saivite father in the field of religious conscience

• He refuses to yield to the temptations and frowns of the leaders of Hindu Orthodoxy, he was an ascetic, a puritan and heroic fighter for Vedic Hindu religious practices

• He has continued his denunciation of the evil of Christianity, he stood for the sanctity and supremacy of the individual in quest of perfect truth. Dayanada was a founder of the Arya Samaj through which they had Enlighten Indian from the rigid caste system of the Hindu society and other social reforms

• Although he has not given any systematic work in the field of political philosophy, he is entitled to consideration in the history of Indian political theory for two reasons: ØHe prepared the foundation of India’s political Independence, his commentaries on the Vedas written in Sanskrit and translated into Hindi by his assistant, he has crusade for the oppressed people and women and his stress on education gave a new vitality and strength to the Indian people. Through his organization they carried out on important social and educational work in Northern India, it gave to the country a number of freedom fighters for the cause of Independence.

• Dayanada inculcated the sentiments of patriotism, and throughout Northern India, it spread the message of strength, power and freedom in Modern India h

• Dayanada’s political philosophy represents a synthesis of the Ideas of the Manusmriti and the Vedas, he took the concept of enlightening monarchy from Manusmriti and from Vedas, there are references to assemblies and the election of the King

• Dayanada stresses the elected monarchy, the King, he interprets to be a President of the assemblies

• According to him the wisest and most learned among the members of an assembly was to be elected the King or the President Dayananda was a democrat, the organizational structure of Arya Samaj founded by him was based on election, the introduction of the principle of election was a revolutionary step in the Hindu religious society h

• Dayananda was supported to the democratic principle of the election in the various recognized political bodies outlined by him as Dharmaryasabha (Religious Council), Vidyaryasabha (Educational Council) and Rajaryasabha (Administrative Council), these bodies were to adhere to the concept of checks and balances

• He visualized a political system which will have the essence of democratic norms although the external mechanism of it may, sometimes, be monarchical

• Dayananda strongly pleads for the construction of a vast commonwealth with the village as the unite, according to Satyarthprakas he says that the King should appoint the chief of the hierarchical village administration :

· Chief of one village g

· Chief of ten villages

· Chief of twentieth villages

· Chief of hundred villages

· And the chief of one thousand villages

Every chief of the village will assign their duties according to their hierarchal order, let the chief of one village daily apprise the chief of ten villages privately of all crimes committed within his jurisdiction and chief of ten submit his report to the chief of twentieth this is how the process goes forward till the King Dayananda gave the supreme power to the people and according to him both the King and the sabha were accountable to the people.

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