Types of Culture
A culture has four aspects or four types material and
non-material culture and ideal & real culture. Material culture is related
to tangible objects made by man. Buildings, furniture, books are the products
of material culture. Types of Culture Non-material culture is related to the abstract things
like emotions, attitudes, ideas and beliefs which we feel but cannot verify by
observation. Peace, war, co-operation, marriage and lecture are the examples of
non-material culture. Types of Culture A book is material culture but its words are
non-material. Types of Culture Man is a material but his speech is non-material. Radio is
material but its sound is nonmaterial. It means material culture has its
non-material aspect also.
Real Culture
Real culture can be observed in our social life. We act upon
on culture in our social life is real, its part which the people adopt in their
social life is their real one. The whole one is never real because a part of it
remains without practice. Types of Culture How far we set upon Islam is our real culture. Being
a Muslims, Christian and related to another religion we do not follow Islam,
Christianity etc. fully in our social life. It means the part of religion which
we follow is our real culture.
Ideal Culture
The culture which is presented as a pattern or precedent to
the people is called ideal. It is the goal of the society. It can never be
achieved fully because some part of it remains out of practice. It is explained
in textbooks, our leaders’ speeches and guidance. The part of ideal culture
practiced in social life is called real culture. Types of Culture Islam is our ideal one. We
claim to be true Muslims and this claim is our ideal culture but how far we are
Muslims in practice is our real culture. Both the real and ideal cultures are
related together and different from each other.
Studying
culture to understand patterns of human behaviour is a big job. Types of Culture While there are
unlimited ways that people can express their culture, social scientists have
developed two basic categories to define things produced by a society. First is
Material Culture and second is Nonmaterial Culture.
Material Culture
Material
culture mentions to the physical objects, resources, and spaces that people use
to define their culture. Types of Culture These include homes, schools, churches, mosques,
offices, temples, factories and plants, clothes, utensils, roads, ornaments,
T.V, radio, machines, tools, goods and products, stores and many more. All of
these man-made objects and things that have been evolved over ages for man’s
well-being and comfort are material culture.
Now material
culture does not mean that it is an object that is bought and sold; it can also
be something we all make. Types of Culture For example, cocking art is a common thing we all do,
and therefore is a part of our material culture.
Non material Culture
The other type of culture is non material culture which
cannot be touch, feel, taste or hold. Types of Culture Non material culture belongs to the
nonphysical ideas that people have about their culture, including beliefs,
values, rules, norms, morals, languages, social roles, ethics, music,
literature, customs, traditions, organizations and institutions. Non material
culture is just as big of impact on our lives as material culture.
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